摘要
目前终末期肾脏病患者只能依靠肾脏替代疗法(即肾移植和人工透析)来维持正常的生命需要。由于受肾脏供体及费用的限制,仅有极少数患者可接受肾移植,因而人工透析作为最主要的肾脏替代疗法得到广泛应用。本文从血液透析疗法、腹膜透析、透析耗材及设备制造3个层面,阐述了人工透析的发展现状,重点回顾了透析器结构设计、透析膜材料及治疗模式的发展史,分析了腹膜透析的临床使用及市场情况,并详述了国内透析耗材制造的机理、工艺流程及实际应用问题。最后展望人工透析的发展趋势,指出随着组织工程、再生医学等的发展,便携式人工肾、生物人工肾及肾脏再生等新型透析理念和技术必将有革命性突破,其临床应用必将成为人工透析发展史上的重大里程碑。
End-stage renal disease(ESRD)patients can only rely on renal replacement therapy,including kidney transplantation and artificial dialysis,to maintain normal life needs.Kidney transplantation is an expensive therapy for ESRD,and the shortage of donor kidneys continues to restrict the full application.Therefore,artificial dialysis is widely used as the main renal replacement therapy of all time.In this paper,the development status of artificial dialysis was described from aspects of hemodialysis therapy,peritoneal dialysis,dialysis consumables and equipment manufacturing. This paper mainly emphasized on the development history of the design of dialyzer,dialysis membrane materials and therapies,then analyzed the clinical use and market situation of peritoneal dialysis,and furthermore highlighted the principles,technological process and practical applications of domestic dialysis consumables.Finally,the development trend of artificial dialysis was prospected.With the rise of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine,the new dialysis concepts and technologies,such as wearable artificial kidney,biological artificial kidney and regeneration of the kidney, would have a revolutionary breakthrough.This would be another milestone in the development history of artificial dialysis.
作者
牟倡骏
于亚楠
张琳
曲佳伟
代朋
徐美瑜
MU Changjun;YU Yanan;ZHANG Lin;QU Jiawei;DAI Peng;XU Meiyu(Wego Blood Purification Products Co.,Ltd.,Weihai 264210,China)
出处
《生物产业技术》
2019年第5期50-57,共8页
Biotechnology & Business
基金
国家科技支撑计划(2014BAI11B00)
关键词
人工透析
透析器
膜材料
生物人工肾
artificial dialysis
dialyzer
membrane material
biological artificial kidney
