摘要
目的了解深圳市某区水痘暴发疫情的流行病学特征,为制定科学合理的水痘预防措施提供依据。方法对2015-2017年深圳市龙岗区布吉街道发生的水痘暴发疫情采用描述流行病学分析方法进行统计分析。结果2015-2017年深圳市龙岗区布吉街道共发生水痘暴发疫情17起,累计发病175例,平均罹患率13.65%,无重症及死亡病例。不同年水痘暴发疫情罹患率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=6.67,P<0.05)。男女性别比为1.43∶1。暴发疫情中3起发生在托幼机构,14起发生在小学。疫情全部发生在3~6月及11月~次年1月。结论深圳市龙岗区布吉街道水痘疫情比较严峻,并且水痘暴发疫情数出现逐年增加的趋势,所有疫情均发生在小学及幼儿园,提示我们应加强重点场所防控措施,通过宣传培训提高其防控能力,要求其认真落实晨午检及病愈返校制度,严格执行消毒措施,同时疾控部门应及时开展水痘疫苗的应急接种工作,宣传有条件的适龄儿童接种第二针水痘疫苗以加强保护效果。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of varicella outbreaks in a certain district of Shenzhen, and to provide a basis for the development of scientific and reasonable prevention measures of varicella.Methods The epidemiological analysis method for varicella outbreaks occurred in Buji Street, Longgang District,Shenzhen City from 2015 to 2017 was analyzed statistically. Results In 2015-2017, there were 17 outbreaks of chickenpox in Buji Street, Longgang District, Shenzhen. There were 175 cases of cumulative disease, with an average attack rate of 13.65 %. There were no serious cases and deaths. There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of varicella outbreaks in 2015, 2016, and 2017(χ^2=6.67,P<0.04). The gender ratio is 1.43∶1. Three outbreaks occurred in childcare institutions and 14 in primary schools. The epidemic occurred in March-June and November to January. Conclusions The chickenpox epidemic situation in Buji Street, Longgang District, Shenzhen is relatively severe, and the number of outbreaks of chickenpox has increased year by year. All outbreaks have occurred in primary schools and kindergartens, suggesting that we should strengthen prevention and control measures for key sites and improve their prevention and control capabilities through publicity and training. It is required to conscientiously implement the morning check-up and recovery system, and strictly implement disinfection measures. At the same time, the disease control department should promptly carry out emergency vaccination of varicella vaccine, and publicize conditional age-appropriate children to receive a second dose of varicella vaccine to enhance protection.
作者
潘亮亮
李善清
郑庆恒
梁丽娟
廖玉学
PAN Liangliang;LI Shanqing;ZHENG Qingheng;LIANG Lijuan;LIAO Yuxue(Buji Division for Disease Prevention and Hygiene,Shenzhen,Guangdong518111,China)
出处
《河南预防医学杂志》
2019年第10期791-793,共3页
Henan Journal of Preventive Medicine
关键词
水痘
暴发
流行病学分析
Varicella
Outbreak
Epidemiological analysis
