摘要
目的分析北京市西城区2009—2018年手足口病流行病学及病原学特征。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对西城区2008—2019年手足口病数据进行分析。结果2009—2018年西城区累计报告手足口病10232例,其中重症病例35例及死亡病例1例,年发病率在35.20/10万至108.69/10万之间,平均75.13/10万。发病整体趋势基本平稳,有小幅上升,病例数隔年高发。病例主要集中在5~7月,同年10~11月再次出现小幅升高。空间分布中人口密集地区报告病例数较多,地区间发病差异较大。年龄分布以≤5岁儿童为主(81.04%),重症病例以≤3岁儿童发病人数最多(74.29%)。职业分布以托幼儿童(44.66%)和散居儿童(40.27%)为主。2010年重症病例比例最高(37.14%),随后逐年下降(χ^2=22.536,P<0.001)。2009—2018年之间病原谱构成不同(χ^2=502.773,P<0.001),其中EV71和CoxA16所占比例呈现逐渐下降的趋势,而其他肠道病毒所占比例逐渐上升。结论北京市西城区手足口病呈现流行趋势基本平稳,病例数隔年高发,重症比例下降,其他肠道病毒流行强度增加的特点。≤5岁儿童仍是重点防控人群。应根据西城区手足口病特点,加强监测,对重点人群和重点地区加强宣传教育力度,做好手足口病综合防控工作。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in Xicheng District of Beijing from 2009 to 2018.Methods Descriptive epidemiology approaches were used to analyze the epidemiological and pathogenic data of HFMD between 2009 to 2018 in Xicheng District of Beijing.Results 10 232 cases of HFMD were reported from 2009-2018,including 35 severe cases and 1 death.The annual incidence rate was between 35.20/100 000 and 108.69/100 000,with an average annual incidence of 75.13/100 000.The overall trend of the disease was basically stable with a slight increase,and the number of cases was high every other year.Most cases occurred between May to July,and the secondary peak was from October to November.The difference in area distribution was obvious,and more cases were reported in densely populated areas.Most of the cases were children under 5 years old(81.04%),and the most severe cases were children under 3 years old(74.29%).Kindergartens(44.66%)and scattered children(40.27%)were the main affected population.The highest proportion of serious illness cases in 2010 reached 37.14%,then gradually decreased year by year(χ^2=22.536,P<0.001).The pathogen spectrum was different between 2009 and 2018(χ^2=502.773,P<0.001).The proportion of EV71 and Cox A16 showed a gradual decline,while the proportion of other enteroviruses gradually increased.Conclusion The trend of HFMD in Xicheng District of Beijing was basically stable.The number of cases was high every other year.The proportion of severe cases showed a decline trend,and the other enteroviruses remained increasing.Children under 5 years old were the key prevention and control population.It is necessary to further strengthen surveillance and health education,and to take comprehensive measures to prevent and control the hand,foot and mouth diseases.
作者
刘潇潇
初艳慧
孙景異
孔庆征
刘国涛
秦京宁
LIU Xiaoxiao;CHU Yanhui;SUN Jingyi;KONG Qingzheng;LIU Guotao;QIN Jingning(Xicheng District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100120,China)
出处
《公共卫生与预防医学》
2019年第5期66-69,共4页
Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
关键词
手足口病
流行病学特征
病原学
Hand-foot-mouth disease
Epidemiological characteristics
Etiology
