摘要
镍钴锰三元层状氧化物(NCM)正极材料由于其优越的综合性能在动力/储能电池系统(ESS)领域得到广泛应用。虽然Ni含量的增加可提高三元材料的比容量及电池的能量密度,但相关电池体系的容量保持率和安全性将会变差。如何有效解决该矛盾是此类NCM电池所面临的关键问题。本文从NCM电池体系循环过程中常见的体相结构破坏和正极-电解液界面组成改变两方面失效现象出发,结合近年来国内外对NCM失效模式研究中所提出的新理论、方法、应用,从机械破坏、结构演变、电化学极化、化学副反应、正负极协同效应等多个角度对NCM材料的衰退机理提出见解,对指导电池用户合理制定充放电协议、缓解电动汽车(EV)里程焦虑乃至材料设计本身均有重要的指导及借鉴意义。
Ternary layered oxide(NCM)cathode materials are widely used in today's energy storage systems(ESS)due to their advantages of high energy/power density,high specific capacity and high oxidation-reduction potential(ORP).Cathode material specific capacity increases with the improvement of Ni content while its stability,safety and capacity retention rate are decreasing.So how to deal with this contradiction effectively is the key to develop ternary material system.This paper starts from the failure phenomenon on account of bulk phase structure destruction and cathodeelectrolyte interface composition change during the cycle of NCM battery system.Combined with the new theory,new method and new application in the research of NCM failure mode at home and abroad in recent years,the possible decline mechanism and life decay reasons of mechanical damage,structural evolution,electrochemical polarization,chemical side reaction process and synergistic effect of cathode and anode electrodes are giving.The results guide users to rationally formulate charging and discharging protocols and alleviate electric vehicles(EV)range anxiety and the design of the material.
作者
陈晓轩
李晟
胡泳钢
郑时尧
柴云轩
李东江
左文华
张忠如
杨勇
CHEN Xiaoxuan;LI Sheng;HU Yonggang;ZHENG Shiyao;CHAI Yunxuan;LI Dongjiang;ZUO Wenhua;ZHANG Zhongru;YANG Yong(Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials,State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Department of Chemistry,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,Fujian,China;Forschungszentrum Jülich,Fundamental Electrochemistry(IEK-9),D-52425 Jülich,Germany)
出处
《储能科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
2019年第6期1003-1016,共14页
Energy Storage Science and Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划资助（2018YFB0104400,2018YFB0905400）
关键词
锂离子电池
三元正极材料
失效现象
老化机理
表界面行为
体相结构
lithium ion batteries
NCM cathode material
failure behavior
ageing mechanism
surface and interface
bulk structure
