摘要
为了探讨不同作物生长和施肥对土壤酶活性的影响,利用盆栽实验种植了大豆、棉花、玉米和高粱,测定了植物收获后土壤的过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蛋白酶、蔗糖酶和淀粉酶的活性。结果表明作物生长和施肥显著影响这几种土壤酶的活性。同对照相比,大豆生长分别使土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蛋白酶、蔗糖酶和淀粉酶的活性增加了7.2%、18.1%、81.3%、37.2和52.5%。棉花和玉米生长对土壤过氧化氢酶和脲酶活性无显著影响,但使蛋白酶、蔗糖酶和淀粉酶的活性分别增加了84.8%、31.6%、14.1%和46.1%、23.0%和60.3%,高粱生长对过氧化氢酶活性无显著影响,而使土壤脲酶、蛋白酶、蔗糖酶和淀粉酶活性分别增加了11.8%、99.4%、31.1%和73.5%。比较两种不种作物的土壤,提高土壤施肥水平使土壤脲酶和淀粉酶活性分别增加了68.5%和12.4%,使过氧化氢酶活性降低了12.2%,对土壤蔗糖酶和蛋白酶活性则无显著影响。由此可见,在本实验条件下,土壤脲酶和淀粉酶对植物生长和施肥都敏感,蛋白酶和蔗糖酶只对作物生长敏感,豆类与非豆类作物生长对土壤酶活性影响的差异体现在过氧化氢酶和脲酶上。
A soil pot experiment cultivating soybean,cotton,maize and sorghum was conducted to understand the effects of growing crops and fertilization on soil enzymatic activity,in which the activity of soil catalase,urease,protease,sucrase and amylase were determined after harvesting crops.The results showed that the crop growth and fertilization influenced the soil enzymatic activities significantly.Compared to control,growing soybean increased 7.2%,18.1%,81.3%,37.2% and 52.5% of the soil catalase,urease,protease,sucrase and amylase activity respectively.The growth of cotton and maize had no significant effects on soil catalase and urease activity,but increased 84.8%,31.6% and 14.1% and 46.1%,23.0% and 60.3% of soil protease,sucrase and amylase activity respectively.The sorghum growth had no significant effect on soil catalase activity but increased 11.8%,99.4%,31.1% and 73.5% of soil urease,protease,sucrase and amylase activity respectively.The comparison of two unplanted soil indicated that increasing fertilization increased 68.5% and 12.4% of soil urease and amylase activity,and decreased 12.2% of soil catalase activity,but had no effect on soil sucrase and protease activity.It was concluded that soil urease and amylase was sensitive to both crop growth and fertilization,while the soil protease and sucrose was only sensitive to crop growth,and it was very passible that the difference of the effect of growing legume and non-legume on soil enzyme activity was the catalase and urease.
作者
卢越
张健琳
杨兰芳
LU Yue;ZHANG Jian-lin;YANG Lan-fang(Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response,School of Resource and Environmental Science,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China)
出处
《环境生态学》
2019年第6期81-85,90,共6页
Environmental Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41371259)
