摘要
回顾了几种自由体积的统计力学定义,分析了它们间的联系和区别,结出了具有一般性的定义.导出了自由体积与温度和密度的严格关系,并结合若干有代表性的状态方程,得到相应的自由体积表达式,最后,对所得自由体积公式进行了分析比较,所得结论对平衡性质及传递性质的应用具有指导意义。
This paper studies the applications of the free volume concept to equilibriumand transport properties for fluids. Firstly, the correlations of the free volume with the es-sential thermodynamic properties, e. g. Helmholtz free eneryg and excess Gibbs free ener-gy G^E, are derived. Then the equations which correlate the free volume with viscosity,diffusivity and thermal conductivity of fluids are presented, and some models for pure flu-ids and mixtures are reviewed. Finally, the applications of the free volume concept to thecorrelations of the transport properties with equilibrium ones are discussed, and the equa-tions which correlate viscosity and thermal conductivity of liquid mixtures with G^EandH^E is proposed. Fundamental equations and methods for further studies on this subject arealso addressed.
关键词
体积
粘度
导热
流体
热力学
free volume of fluids
equilibrium properties
viscosity
diffusivity
thermal conductivity
