摘要
【目的】鉴定评价云南药用野生稻对白叶枯病菌株的抗性,为药用野生稻的保护及抗病新品种选育提供理论依据。【方法】利用24个近年在云南稻作区流行的白叶枯病菌株及国内外部分标准强致病菌系对云南8个居群(OF1~OF8)的31份药用野生稻材料进行接种鉴定,测量病斑长度,按照抗性分级标准进行抗性等级划分,建立抗病谱,比较分析不同药用野生稻材料间和不同居群间的抗性差异。【结果】接种24个白叶枯病菌株21 d后,感病材料金刚30的病斑长度均超过20.00 cm,而未接种的叶片未发生任何变化,说明24个白叶枯病菌株均未丧失致病力;31份药用野生稻材料大多出现典型的白叶枯病症状,但抗病等级存在差异,其中,67.7%的供试药用野生稻对XOO8菌株表现抗病,说明XOO8菌株的致病性最强,所有材料均抗XOO14菌株,说明XOO14菌株的致病性最弱。31份药用野生稻的抗菌率均在50.0%以上,其中OF2-1的抗菌率最高,为100.0%,OF4-2的抗菌率最低,为50.0%。8个居群中,以OF5和OF7的抗菌率最高,均为100.0%,说明二者对24个白叶枯病菌株均表现抗性;OF4的抗菌率最低,为79.2%,仅抗19个菌株。8个居群抗性由强至弱排序为:OF5=OF7>OF6>OF1=OF2=OF8>OF3>OF4。各居群内样品个体间抗性差异明显,推测是由于野生稻杂合程度较高所导致。【结论】云南药用野生稻种质资源对当前在云南流行的白叶枯病小种及国内外部分强致病菌整体抗性较好,其抗性差异来源于居群内的杂合度,与地理分布无关,推测云南药用野生稻具有特异的优良抗白叶枯病基因,其在遗传研究和品种改良方面具有较大应用潜力。
【Objective】In order to provide theoretical basis for the protection of Oryza officinalis Wall. and the breeding of new disease-resistant varieties,the resistance of O. officinalis to bacterial blight strains was identified and evaluated. 【Method】Thirty-one O. officinalis materials from eight populations(OF1-OF8)in Yunnan were inoculated and identified by twenty-four strains of bacterial blight which were prevalent in Yunnan and other countries in recent years. The resistance classifications and resistance spectra were established according to the length of disease spots and the resistance classification criteria. The resistance differences among individual plants and different populations were further studied. 【Result】After 21 d inoculation with 24 bacterial blight strains,the length of the lesions of the susceptible material Jingang 30 was more than 20.00 cm,while the leaves of the non-inoculated material did not change,which indicated that 24 bacterial blight strains did not lose their virulence. Most of the 31 O. officinalis materials showed typical symptoms of bacterial blight,but there were differences in disease resistance grades. 67.7% of the tested O. officinalis showed resistance to XOO8 strain,indicating that XOO8 strain had the strongest pathogenicity and all materials were resistant to XO14 strain, indicating that XO14 strain had the weakest pathogenicity. The antimicrobial rate of 31 O. officinalis was above 50.0%,of which the highest was OF2-1(100.0%),and the lowest was OF4-2,which was 50.0%. The antimicrobial rate of OF5 and OF7 was higher than the other populations,with the highest antimicrobial rate being 100.0%. This indicated that both of them showed resistance to 24 bacterial blight strains,while the antimicrobial rate of OF4 was the lowest(79.2%). This indicated that OF4 was resistant to 19 bacterial strains. The order of resistance from strong to weak was: OF5=OF7>OF6>OF1 =OF2=OF8>OF3>OF4. Resistance varied greatly among samples from different populations,presumably was due to the high degree of heterozygosity of O. officinalis.【Conclusion】O. officinalis germplasm resources have good overall resistance to the races of bacterial blight prevalent in Yunnan and some strong pathogenic bacteria at home and abroad. The difference of resistance is due to the heterozygosity within the population,which has nothing to do with geographical distribution. This indicates that O. officinalis has a high possibility of specific excellent genes for bacterial blight resistance. It has great application potential in genetic research and variety improvement.
作者
陈玲
张敦宇
陈越
付坚
王波
钟巧芳
余腾琼
肖素勤
柯学
殷富有
王玲仙
程在全
CHEN Ling;ZHANG Dun-yu;CHEN Yue;FU Jian;WANG Bo;ZHONG Qiao-fang;YU Teng-qiong;XIAO Su-qin;KE Xue;YIN Fu-you;WANG Ling-xian;CHENG Zai-quan(Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Agricultural Biotechnology/Key Lab of Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Kunming 650205,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第7期1417-1425,共9页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0100202）
国家自然科学基金地区项目（31560384）
云南省农业联合重点项目[2017FG001（-007）]
云南省科技惠民专项（2016RA002)
关键词
药用野生稻
白叶枯病
抗性
鉴定评价
云南
Oryza officinalis Wall.
bacterial blight
disease resistance
identification and evaluation
Yunnan
