摘要
【目的】探讨添加不同量生物炭对滨海盐碱土的改良效果,为滨海盐碱地土壤改良和培肥提供新思路。【方法】选取滨海轻度盐碱化土壤为供试基质,油菜为供试植物,通过温室大棚盆栽试验,研究不同生物炭施入量[0(对照)、5、10、20、30和40 g/kg]对土壤pH、有机碳和速效养分含量及土壤酶活性的影响。【结果】土壤pH、有机碳、碱解氮和速效钾含量均随生物炭施入量的增加而增加,生物炭施入量小于20 g/kg时,土壤有机碳和速效养分含量增速较快,当生物炭施入量大于20 g/kg时增速减缓;土壤速效磷含量在生物炭施入量为20 g/kg时达最大值,比对照高78.1%。土壤脲酶活性随生物炭施入量的增加而升高,在生物炭施入量为40 g/kg时达最大值;碱性磷酸酶和蔗糖酶活性随生物炭施入量的增加呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,在生物炭施入量为20 g/kg时达最大值,分别比对照高42.9%和142.8%;土壤蛋白酶活性在生物炭施入量为30 g/kg时达最大值,比对照高80.1%。【结论】生物炭施用可增加盐碱地土壤中有机碳和速效养分含量及酶活性,以施入量为20 g/kg的效果最佳,可作为一种改良剂用于盐碱地复垦和生态重建,但在施用过程中需注意其对土壤pH的影响。
【Objective】In order to provide new ideas for coastal saline-alkali soil improvement and increasing fertilizer,the effects of biochar application with different amounts on the improvement of coastal saline-alkali soil were studied.【Method】Coastal mild saline-alkali soil was as the test substrate and rape as the test plant.A pot experiment in a greenhouse was carried out.The effects of biochar with different application amounts[0(control),5,10,20,30 and 40 g/kg]on soil pH,organic carbon,available nutrients and enzyme activity of soil were studied.【Result】Results showed that the soil pH,organic carbon,alkali nitrogen and available potassium in soil increased with biochar application amount increasing.When the biochar application amount was less than 20 g/kg,the organic carbon and available nutrient content increased greatly in soil.However,it increased slowly when biochar application amount was more than 20 g/kg.Available phosphorus in soil could reached the maximum value with 20 g/kg biochar application level,and was 78.1%higher than the control.Urease activity in soil increased with the application of biochar.The urease activity reached the highest level when the biochar application amount was 40 g/kg.The activities of alkaline phosphatase and sucrase increased,decreased,and peaked in the treatment of 20 g/kg biochar,which were 42.9%and 142.8%higher than those of the control,respectively.Soil protease activity was the highest in 30 g/kg treatment and 80.1%higher compared with the control.【Conclusion】In general,the application of biochar increases the contents of organic carbon and available nutrients and enzyme activity of saline-alkali soil.The best amount of biochar application is 20 g/kg.Biochar can be used as modifier in reclamation of saline-alkali land and ecology reconstruction.But its effects on soil pH during application should be concerned.
作者
李少朋
陈昢圳
周艺艺
王婧
LI Shao-peng;CHEN Pei-zhen;ZHOU Yi-yi;WANG Jing(College of Agronomy&Resources and Environment,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;Agro-environmental Protection Institute,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tianjin 300191,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第7期1460-1465,共6页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0800402）
天津市教委科研计划项目（2017KJ184）
农业部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室开放课题（17nybcdhj-5)
关键词
滨海盐碱土
生物炭
有机碳
速效养分
土壤酶活性
coastal saline-alkali soil
biochar
organic carbon
available nutrient
soil enzyme activity
