摘要
目的评价2005~2015年10年间北京市5岁儿童口腔健康行为的变化,为进一步加强北京市学龄前儿童口腔健康促进工作提供参考依据。方法2005年第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查北京地区完成5岁年龄组儿童家长问卷调查394人,2015年第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查北京地区完成5岁年龄组儿童家长问卷调查972人。对比分析两次问卷调查中儿童饮食习惯、口腔卫生行为和家长对儿童口腔保健知识及态度的变化。结果5岁儿童每天吃甜食、喝甜饮料的比例在2005年是33.0%和12.9%,10年后分别下降到18.8%和4.8%。每天刷牙2次儿童的比例由2005年的39.1%上升到2015年的52.1%。在每天至少刷牙1次的儿童中,2005年有43.4%的家长从不帮助孩子刷牙,该比例在2015年下降到14.5%;含氟牙膏的使用率从2005年的41.6%下降到2015年的30.2%,差异均具有统计学差异(P<0.001)。2005年只有29.9%的家长知道窝沟封闭能预防龋齿,该比例2015年上升到63.4%;2005年70.1%的家长认为牙齿的好坏与口腔维护有关,在2015年该比例上升到90%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论北京市学龄前儿童进食甜食和口腔卫生行为有改善,家长口腔保健知识、态度和协助学龄前儿童维护口腔卫生的行为有提高,学龄前儿童口腔健康促进工作仍需加强,特别是含氟牙膏的推广使用。
Objective To evaluate the changes of oral health behavior of 5-year-old children in Beijing from 2005 to 2015.Methods The parents of 5-year-old children were included to finish the structured questionnaire during the third and fourth national oral health epidemiology survey.The sample size was 394 in 2005 and 972 in 2015.The changes of eating habits,oral hygiene practice,the knowledge and attitude of parents to oral health care for children between the two questionnaire investigations were analyzed.Results The percentage of preschool children consuming sugary food and beverage every day in 2005 was 33%and 12.9%,which decreased to 18.8%and 4.8%respectively in 2015.The percentage of children brushing their teeth twice a day increased from 39.1%to 52.1%.Among the children brushing their teeth at least once a day,43.4%of parents never helped children brush their teeth in 2005,which decreased to 14.5%in 2015.However,the percentage of using fluoridated toothpaste decreased dramatically from 41.6%(2005)to 30.2%(2015)(P<0.001).Only 29.9%of parents knew that pit and fissure sealant could prevent dental caries in 2005 and the percentage increased to 63.4%in 2015.The percentage of parents who believed that self-care was important for oral health were 70.1%in 2005 and increased significantly to 90%in 2015(P<0.001).Conclusion The eating habits,oral hygiene practice,the knowledge and attitude of parents toward oral health care for preschool children improved from 2005 to 2015 in Beijing.However the use of fluoridated toothpaste decreased.
作者
赵佳
赵梅
侯玮
张辉
陈薇
刘敏
ZHAO Jia;ZHAO Mei;HOU Wei;ZHANG Hui;CHEN Wei;LIU Min(Department of Preventive Dentistry,Capital Medical University School of Stomatology,Beijing 100050,China)
出处
《北京口腔医学》
CAS
2019年第4期225-229,共5页
Beijing Journal of Stomatology
基金
国家卫生和计划生育委员会公益性行业科研专项(201502002)
关键词
学龄前儿童
口腔健康行为
含氟牙膏
Preschool children
Oral health behavior
Fluoridated toothpaste
