摘要
在大田栽培条件下,以代表性超级杂交稻品种为材料,研究不同施氮量[0(N0)、150(N10)、210(N14)、300(N20)、390(N26)、450(N30)kg/hm^2]条件下灌浆期超级杂交稻穗颈节间维管束结构的变化,并分析其与产量及其构成因素的关系,为超级杂交稻增产的生理机制研究提供理论依据。结果表明,施用氮肥可以改变超级杂交稻穗颈节间维管束结构;随施氮量的增加,各品种大维管束和小维管束数目、面积、总面积总体上均表现为先增加后减小的变化趋势,且总体在施氮量为210 kg/hm^2下维管束结构最优;超级杂交稻穗颈节间大维管束和小维管束数目、面积、总面积均与有效穗数(大维管束和小维管束数目除外)、千粒质量呈显著或极显著负相关,而与穗粒数、结实率(小维管束数目、面积除外)、产量(小维管束面积除外)均呈显著或极显著正相关。综上,合理施氮肥通过改变大、小维管束结构影响“流”的运转能力,可能主要体现在提高超级杂交稻穗粒数、结实率方面,进而增加产量,总体以施氮量210 kg/hm^2最优。
In this study,filed experiment was conducted to explore the change of vascular bundle structure in first internode of super hybrid rice during grain filling stage and its relationship with yield and its components under different nitrogen(N)application rate treatments[0(N0),150(N10),210(N14),300(N20),390(N26),450(N30)kg/ha],so as to provide theoretical basis for the physiological mechanism study of increasing yield of super hybrid rice.The results showed that the application of N could change vascular bundle structure in first internode of super hybrid rice.With the increase of N application rate,the number,area and total area of small and large vascular bundles of various varieties increased first and then decreased,which were the best under the N application rate of 210 kg/ha.The number,area and total area of large and small vascular bundles in first internode of super hybrid rice were significantly negatively correlated with the number of effective panicles(except the number of large and small vascular bundles)and 1 000-grain weight,but significantly positively correlated with the grain number per panicle,seed setting rate(except the number and area of small vascular bundle)and yield(except the area of small vascular bundle).In conclusion,reasonable application of N could affect the ability of“flow”by changing the structure of vascular bundle,which was mainly reflected in improving the grain number per panicle and seed setting rate and then increasing the yield of super hybrid rice,and the N application rate of 210 kg/ha was the best.
作者
王留行
彭廷
熊加豹
王海彬
刘晔
张静
王代长
滕永忠
赵全志
WANG Liuhang;PENG Ting;XIONG Jiabao;WANG Haibin;LIU Ye;ZHANG Jing;WANG Daizhang;TENG Yongzhong;ZHAO Quanzhi(College of Agronomy,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;College of Resources and Environment,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)
出处
《河南农业科学》
北大核心
2019年第9期14-22,共9页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300505)
河南省水稻产业技术体系项目(S2012-04-02)
河南省农业产业技术经济评价体系项目(S2018-12-02)
河南省自然科学基金重点项目(162300410131)
关键词
施氮量
超级杂交稻
穗颈节间
维管束结构
产量
Nitrogen application rate
Super hybrid rice
First internode
Vascular bundle structure
Yield
