摘要
[目的]分析东北黑土区坡耕地土壤侵蚀特征,为该区复合土壤侵蚀研究及其有效防治提供重要科学依据。[方法]基于大量野外调查和理论研究以及文献资料,概述了复合土壤侵蚀的研究现状,分析了东北黑土区坡耕地土壤侵蚀特征。[结果]东北黑土区坡耕地土壤侵蚀特点主要为:多营力复合侵蚀的季节更替和空间叠加作用,农田沟蚀严重,坡面汇流引起的土壤侵蚀更加突出,雨滴打击作用和壤中流形成是坡面土壤侵蚀的主要驱动力。当前复合土壤侵蚀研究的主要内容为:冻融作用对风蚀和水蚀的影响,风水复合侵蚀,东北黑土区多外营力复合侵蚀研究。[结论]复合土壤侵蚀的研究重点为:①多种外营力相互作用的坡面复合侵蚀过程机制;②冻融作用对土壤抗侵蚀能力的影响机制;③量化冻融作用、融雪、降雨径流和风力侵蚀对坡面侵蚀和沟蚀的贡献;④多外营力作用的流域尺度泥沙来源诊断;⑤复合土壤侵蚀预报模型研发;⑥复合土壤侵蚀防治措施的有效性评价;⑦东北黑土区复合土壤侵蚀防治分区。
[Objective]The characteristics of soil erosion on sloping farmlands in the Mollisol region of Northeast China were analyzed in order to provide important scientific basis for the research,and the effective prevention and control of compound soil erosion.[Methods]Based on field investigation,theoretical researches and literature review,this paper outlined current status of compound soil erosion and analyzed characteristics of soil erosion on sloping farmlands in the Mollisol region of Northeast China.[Results]The characteristics of soil erosion on sloping farmlands in the Mollisol region of Northeast China included seasonal alternation and spatial overlapping of compound soil erosion induced by multi-forces,severe gully erosion in farmlands,strong performance of inflow erosion,and raindrop impact and seepage flow were key driving forces for hillslope soil erosion.The current research of compound soil erosion covered effects of freeze-thaw action on wind and water erosion,compound soil erosion by wind and water agents,and compound erosion caused by multi-forces in the Mollisol region of Northeast China.[Conclusion]The key fields for studying compound erosion caused by multi-forces were as follows:①processes and mechanisms of hillslope compound erosion caused by multi-forces;②mechanism of freeze-thaw impacts on soil anti-erosivity;③quantifying contribution of freeze-thaw,snow melting,rainfall and inflow to hillslope soil erosion and gully erosion;④identifying watershed sediment source under multi-forces actions;⑤developing compound soil erosion prediction model;⑥assessing effectiveness of conservation measures for controlling compound soil erosion;⑦prevention zonalization of compound soil erosion in the Mollisol region of Northeast China.
作者
郑粉莉
张加琼
刘刚
范昊明
王彬
沈海鸥
Zheng Fenli;Zhang Jiaqiong;Liu Gang;Fan Haoming;Wang Bin;Shen Haiou(State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Shenyang Agriculture University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110866,China;Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Jilin Agriculture University,Changchun,Jilin 130118,China)
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第4期314-319,共6页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“黑土区多种外营力互作的坡面侵蚀过程与机制”(41571263)
国家重点研发计划项目“黑土侵蚀防治机理与调控技术”(2016YFE0202900)
关键词
东北黑土区
坡耕地
土壤侵蚀特征
复合侵蚀
防治措施
the Mollisol region of Northeast China
sloping farmland
characteristics of soil erosion
compound soil erosion
conservation measures
