摘要
【目的】为摸清不同素质烟叶烘烤特性,探讨烟叶烘烤过程中的生理变化,为优质烟叶生产提供理论和技术依据。【方法】以烤烟品种红花大金元为试验材料,测定4种不同素质烟叶(常规烟叶、返青烟叶、后发烟叶和多肥烟叶)烘烤过程中关键温度点烟叶呼吸强度、水分含量、色素含量、淀粉、硬度的动态变化以及烤后烟叶常规化学成分,并对不同素质烟叶烤后经济性状进行统计。【结果】与常规烟叶相比,返青烟水分含量较高,烟叶硬度下降迟缓,叶片失水凋萎困难,定色期呼吸代谢旺盛,较难定色,烟叶易烤黑烤糟;后发烟叶水分含量低,变黄期呼吸代谢旺盛,色素及淀粉降解充分,但烟叶失水较快,易烤青烤黑;多肥烟叶叶绿素含量高,营养物质积累不充实,水分含量较低,烘烤过程中烟叶呼吸强度始终处于较低水平,烤后烟叶化学成分协调性较差,经济效益较低。【结论】不同素质烟叶烘烤过程生理及质地变化不同,根据不同类型烟叶制定相应的烘烤技术,对提高烟叶产质量有重要意义。
【Objective】In order to find out the characteristics of different quality tobacco leaves,the physiological changes of tobacco leaves were discussed during flue curing process,which would provide a theoretical and technical basis for the production of high quality tobacco.【Method】The flue-cured tobacco variety Honghua Dajinyuan was used as the experimental material to determine four different quality tobacco leaves(conventional tobacco,reviving tobacco,late-development tobacco and multi fertilizer tobacco leaves).The dynamic changes of respi-ration intensity,moisture content,pigment content,starch and hardness of tobacco leaves at the critical temperature points of four different quality tobacco leaves were determined,and the chemical constituents of tobacco leaves after roasting were measured.The economic charac-ters of different quality tobacco leaves were also statistically analyzed.【Result】The moisture content of reviving tobacco was higher than that of conventional tobacco leaves.The hardness of tobacco leaves was slow,the leaves losed water and wilting,and the respiratory metabolism was strong during the fixing period.It was difficult to fix the color,and the tobacco leaves were hard to cure.The moisture content of late-development tobacco leaves was low,the respiratory metabolism was strong during the yellowing period,the pigment and starch were fully degraded,but the tobacco leaves loosed water quickly,and it was hard to cure.The chlorophyll content of multi fertilizer tobacco leaves was higher,and the accumulation of nutrients was not substantial.The moisture content of tobacco leaves was low,and the breathing intensity of tobacco leaves was always at a low level during flue curing process.The chemical composition of tobacco leaves after curing was poorly coordinated and the economic benefits were low.[Conclusion]The physiological and texture changes of tobacco leaves with different quality were different.It was important to formulate corresponding baking techniques according to different types of tobacco leaves to improve the quality of tobacco leaves.
作者
潘飞龙
杨洋
鄢敏
李林秋
严素
易蔓
蒋博文
杨懿德
PAN Fei-long;YANG Yang;YAN Min;LI Lin-qiu;YAN Su;YI Man;JIANG Bo-wen;YANG Yi-de(College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University,Henan Zhengzhou 450002,China;Yibin Branch of Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Company,Sichuan Yibin 644000,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第9期2216-2221,共6页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
四川省烟草公司宜宾市公司资助项目(201951150020107)
关键词
烤烟
特殊素质
呼吸强度
硬度
经济效益
Flue-cured tobacco
Special quality
Respiratory intensity
Hardness
Economic benefit
