摘要
本文从历史的视角回顾了新中国成立70年以来所走过的反贫困历程,简要而系统地梳理和总结了中国不同阶段的减贫机制和主要经验。本文初步提出,新中国成立70年以来中国减贫实践经历了三个阶段,即从建国初期开始的社会主义建设的广义性减贫实践,到改革开放以来的发展性扶贫实践,再到2013年以来精准脱贫攻坚的扶贫新实践。改革开放前的社会主义实践为改革开放后的经济增长和反贫困创造了非常有利的初始条件;改革开放以来,农业增长、工业化和城市化以及政府主导的开发式扶贫构成中国发展性减贫实践的核心;2013年的精准扶贫战略则是在强调社会公平与经济发展并重下的保障与开发有机结合的扶贫新实践。三个阶段相互衔接,减贫机制各有不同,共同构成了完整的中国减贫故事。
This article examines China’s rural poverty reduction process since the founding of new China from a historical perspective,and briefly and systematically summarizes the poverty reduction mechanisms and main experiences of different stages in China.The study initially points out that since the founding of new China 70 years ago,China's poverty reduction practice has gone through three stages,namely,the broad-based poverty reduction practice of socialist construction since the early days of the People’s Republic of China,the development-based poverty reduction practice since 1978 and the new poverty reduction practice of targeted poverty alleviation after 2013.The broad-based poverty reduction practice created a favourable initial condition for economic growth and poverty reduction after 1978.Economic growth and government-led anti-poverty were the core factors of development-based poverty reduction practice since 1978.Targeted poverty alleviation practice since 2013 was a kind of new practice in which social equity and economic development were put on an equal footing.Those three stages are interconnected with each other with different poverty reduction mechanisms,which together constitute a complete picture of China’s poverty reduction.
作者
李小云
于乐荣
唐丽霞
Li Xiaoyun;Yu Lerong;Tang Lixia
出处
《中国农村经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第10期2-18,共17页
Chinese Rural Economy
基金
国务院扶贫开发领导小组办公室“2020年后贫困变化趋势和对减贫战略的影响研究”项目
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“益贫式增长和包容性发展视角下精准脱贫政策的效果评价研究”（编号：18YJA630135）的资助
关键词
新中国成立后70年
反贫困
减贫机制
Seventy Years Since the Founding of PRC
Poverty Reduction
Poverty Reduction Mechanism
