摘要
为了改善乳化炸药在高寒地区应用时的贮存和应用性能,基于配方改进探索了乳化炸药乳胶基质的低温贮存稳定性;考察了水含量、高分子乳化剂含量和抗冻剂种类对乳胶基质耐低温性能的影响,得到了最佳乳胶基质配方;采用国标炸药试验方法测试了最佳乳胶基质配方制备的乳化炸药在低温(-32℃)贮存后的爆速、殉爆距离和猛度。结果表明,当水质量分数为12%、高分子乳化剂质量分数为1%、以质量分数为0.25%的聚丙二醇(PPG)作抗冻剂,乳胶基质的抗冻性能最佳,-32℃下冷冻30 d后,析晶率为35.37%,乳胶基质仍未完全破乳;采用树脂微球敏化制成的乳化炸药在低温(-32℃)贮存15 d后爆炸性能较常温贮存时变化较小,爆速由常温时的4 439 m/s降为4 399 m/s;殉爆距离不变,为80 mm;猛度由常温时的18.48 mm降为17.75 mm;贮存20 d后,出现拒爆。
To improve the storage and application performance of emulsion explosives in the severe cold area,the storage stability of latex matrix of emulsion explosive at low temperature was explored based on formulation optimization.The effects of water content,polymer emulsifier content and kinds of antifreeze agents on the low temperature resistance of latex matrix were investigated,and the best formula of latex matrix was obtained.The detonation velocity,sympathetic detonation distance and brisance of the emulsion explosive prepared by the best emulsion matrix formula after storing at-32℃were tested according to the National Standard Explosive Test Methods,respectively.The results show that the antifreeze performance of the latex matrix is the best when water content is 12%,polymer emulsifier content is 1%and 0.25%(mass fraction)of poly(propylene glycol)as antifreeze agent.After freezing at-32℃for 30 d,the crystallization rate is 35.37%,and the emulsion matrix is still not completely metamorphosed.The explosion properties of the emulsion explosive sensitized by resin microspheres after storing at-32℃for 15 d have little change with the detonation velocity decreases from 4 439 m/s at normal temperature to 4 399 m/s,the sympathetic detonation distance is 80 mm and the brisance decreases from 18.48 mm to 17.75 mm;but the failure of explosion occures after storing for 20 d.
作者
齐秀芳
王杰
何俊蓉
陈李和
唐杰
QI Xiu-fang;WANG Jie;HE Jun-rong;CHEN Li-he;TANG Jie(School of National Defense Science and Technology,Southwest University of Science&Technology,Mianyang Sichuan 621010,China;Yahua Group Santai Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Mianyang Sichuan 621103,China)
出处
《火炸药学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第5期480-484,I0004,共6页
Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants
基金
西南科技大学博士研究基金(No.09zx7101)
关键词
物理化学
乳化炸药
乳胶基质
低温稳定性
析晶率
聚丙二醇
PPG
physical chemistry
emulsion explosive
emulsion matrix
low temperature stability
crystallization rate
poly(propylene glycol)
PPG
