摘要
为稳定夏玉米产量,提高氮素效率、减排农田温室气体,试验采用田间试验与室内分析相结合的方法,研究不同氮素调控模式对玉米产量、氮素利用和土壤N2O、CO2、CH4排放的影响。结果表明:与农民习惯施氮肥(FN)比,在推荐施氮肥基础上减氮20%并配施双氰胺(80%RN+DCD)、纳米碳(80%RN+NC)和锌腐酸(80%RN+HA+Zn)的玉米产量分别增加15.8%、7.6%和6.5%;减氮处理的植株氮吸收量、生产效率、农学效率和表观利用率均分别提高1.6%、10.2%、40.4%、35.7%;N2O和CO2排放具有明显季节性排放规律,CH4变化不明显。减氮处理的CO2、N2O排放总量分别较FN降低4.6%~27.3%、19.6%~51.5%。等氮用量条件下,与推荐施氮肥基础上减氮20%(80%RN)比,添加HA+Zn、NC、DCD处理的N2O排放总量分别降低11.7%、21.2%和31.1%,CO2排放总量分别降低4.7%、10.8%和20.0%。减氮配施调控剂同时增加玉米产量、提高氮肥利用效率。综合考虑环境和产量效应,80%RN+DCD处理既能保证玉米稳产,提高氮素利用,又能减少温室气体排放。
In order to stabilize the yield of summer maize,improve N efficiency and reduce the greenhouse gas of farmland,the effects of different N regulations on maize yield,nitrogen utilization,soil N2O,CO2 and CH4 emissions were studied under the conditions of field experiment with indoor analysis.The results showed that compared with farmer’s habitual N fertilizer(FN),the yields of maize in 80%RN+DCD,80%RN+NC and 80%RN+HA+Zn were increased by 15.8%,7.6%and 6.5%,respectively.Nitrogen absorption,production efficiency,agronomic efficiency and apparent utilization rate in the N reduction plants were enhanced by 1.6%,10.2%,40.4%and 35.7%,respectively.N2O and CO2 emissions had obvious seasonal characters,but CH4 had noobvious difference.Total emission amounts of CO2 and N2O with N reductions were 4.6%-27.3%and 19.6%-51.5%lower than that in FN.Under the same N applications,the total N2O emissions of HA+Zn,NC and DCD were reduced by 11.7%,21.2%and 31.1%,respectively,compared with the recommended N reduction 20%(80%RN),and CO2 were reduced by 4.7%,10.8%and 20%,respectively.Nitrogen reduction and application of regulation agents increased maize yield and improved N fertilizer utilization efficiency.Therefore,considering both of the environmental effect and yield,the treatment of 80%RN+DCD can not only stable maize production,improve N utilization,but also reduce the greenhouse gas emissions.
作者
吴敏
赵延伟
马阳
彭正萍
李迎春
王艳群
张培
WU Min;ZHAO Yan wei;MA Yang;PENG Zheng ping;LI Ying chun;WANG Yan qun;ZHANG Pei(Hebei Province Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment/College of Resources and Environmental Science,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Hebei Soil and Fertilizer Station,Shijiazhuang 050021,China)
出处
《河北农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第5期33-38,共6页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural University
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0300905)
关键词
夏玉米
氮素调控
产量
氮素利用
温室气体排放
summer maize
nitrogen regulation
yield
nitrogen utilization
greenhouse gas emission
