摘要
以赣南传统民居为实测对象,研究民居夏季被动冷却能力并评价人体热舒适性。选择其中有代表性的厢房,厅堂,天井及阁楼,对温湿度、空气流速等参数进行了测量。测试结果显示,二层阁楼的最高气温比一层厢房的最高气温高0.4℃,降温速率也低于厢房的降温速率。在接近室外最高气温时天井不同位置最大温差为1.4℃,在室外最低气温时刻温差最小。利用PMVe修正模型对各测点进行热舒适性计算,测试结果与人们的主观感受一致。测量结果标明:民居内部气流的基本流动方向为巷道-房间-天井-室外。利用墙体和地面的蓄热能力降低巷道内空气温度,在炎热的夏季白天关闭门窗抑制热量通过通风传递,是保持传统民居热舒适的有效手段。
A field study of thermal environment was carried out on a traditional vernacular dwelling in the south region of Jiangxi province to analyze the principles of passive-cooling and to evaluate thermal comfort. By the measurements of air temperature, relative humidity and wind velocity in some dwelling places such as bedroom, hall, courtyard and garret,some thermal performances of the traditional dwelling were revealed. Above all, the highest air temperature in a garret is0.4 ℃ higher than that in a bedroom of the ground floor, and the temperature difference among them is increased during the cooling progress. Furthermore, the maximum difference of air temperature in the courtyard 1.5 m above the ground is1.4 ℃ at the moment of the outdoor air temperature approaching 36 ℃, and the minimum difference of air temperature occurs at the moment of the lowest outdoor temperature. Applying PMVe model, the values of thermal sensation for various measure points are calculated finally, and the thermal comfort represented is compared with the subjective sensation of people. The measure results show that the basic flow direction of wind in the Gannan traditional vernacular dwelling is from alley, residence to courtyard. The strategy of ventilation design is to take the ground and wall in the alley as heat sink, and to restrain the natural ventilation at hot daytime by closing doors and windows.
作者
刘洋
袁健华
吴金平
欧阳腾
LIU Yang;YUAN Jian-hua;WU Jin-pin;OUYANG Teng(School of Architectural and Surveying and Mapping Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology)
出处
《建筑热能通风空调》
2019年第10期31-35,46,共6页
Building Energy & Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目（No.51666003)
关键词
传统民居
热环境
天井
自然通风
围护结构
vernacular dwelling
thermal environment
courtyard
Natural ventilation
building envelop
