摘要
新中国成立70年来,乡村发展与城镇化之间的关系呈现出曲折的变化过程。改革开放前,虽注重并试图改善城乡关系,但总体上"农村支持城市、农业支持工业"的导向使得城乡二元结构严重。改革开放后,城乡协调发展成为主调,国家也陆续出台了大量政策,近年来更是升级为国家战略。乡村发展和城镇化也由此成为国内研究的热点。文章通过对相关文献和政策的梳理,划分城乡关系研究为三个阶段。从"三农"问题政策重点的转变,乡村与城镇化发展政策演变,"七五"计划至"十三五"规划主题演变三个方面,分析乡村振兴与城镇化战略的关系,发现国家整体政策和学术研究热点基本一致,体现出从要素、政策、技术等方面到整体战略的转向。但由于政策、研究与实践有所脱节,加之固化的城乡二元结构体制和文化,使得城乡融合面临巨大挑战。为实现两个"一百年"的奋斗目标,未来新型城镇化与乡村振兴战略应该有机结合,以实现城乡协同治理。
Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China 70 years ago, the relationship between rural development and urbanization in China has undergone a tortuous process. Before the reform and opening up, the relationship between urban and rural areas in China showed an obvious development trend of "countryside support city, agriculture support industry", and the separation between urban and rural areas was serious. After the reform and opening up, urbanization and rural development have been a major strategic issue concerning the national economy and people’s livelihood. China has issued a large number of policies to achieve healthy rural-urban development. The rural development and urbanization strategy is also the hot spot of academic research. Based on a review of the literature and policies related to urbanization and rural development over the past 40 years of reform and opening-up, this paper finds that the research on urban-rural relations can be divided into three stages: the initial stage(late1970 s-2004), the fifth plenary session of the16 th central committee to the 12 thfive-year plan(2005-2014), and after the 13 thfive-year plan(2015-present). The paper studies the relationship between rural revitalization and urbanization strategy from the policy changes about rural issues,the development of rural and urban policy and "seventh five year" plan to "thirteenth five year" plan. It is concluded that the national policy and academic hot spots match basically. Because policy, research and practice are disconnected and the solidification of urban-rural dual structure system and culture, urban and rural integration become a huge challenge.The future new-type urbanization and rural revitalization strategy should be organically combined to achieve rural-urban co-governance.
作者
叶超
高洋
YE Chao;GAO Yang(School of Geography Sciences,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)
出处
《经济地理》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第10期139-145,共7页
Economic Geography
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(17ZDA066)
国家自然科学基金项目(41571138)
关键词
乡村发展
城镇化
城乡关系
城乡融合
改革开放
乡村振兴战略
城乡协同治理
rural development
urbanization
urban-rural relationship
urban-rural integration
reform and opening up
rural revitalization strategy
rural-urban co-governance
