摘要
营商环境的核心是制度性软环境,本质是契约执行的效力。良好的营商环境需要"有为政府"和"有效市场"的平衡作用机制共同塑造。上海是典型的政府主导型营商环境,其发展的最大特征与不足反映了政府作用机制的优势和局限性。研究发现,基于国际标准评价及全球领先城市的不同指标领域比较,上海营商环境的差距表现为绝对差距、相对差距和基本持平三个层次;上海营商环境既有水平及优化方向更有利于成熟型企业而不利于成长型企业;既有营商环境优化促进了上海与国际接轨的开放型经济发展。上海营商环境优化路径核心是基于市场机制的监管与服务模式创新,建设服务于中小企业、民营企业的统一市场体系;建立更为公平、高效的市场退出机制,以及制度性软环境建设等。
The core of the business environment is the institutional,which essence is the effectiveness of contract execution.A good business environment needs to be shaped by a balanced mechanism of effectivegovernment and market.It is a typical government-driven business environment of Shanghai.The characteristics and shortcomings of the business environment reflect the advantages and limitations of the mechanism.The study found that,based on the comparison of shanghai and the world’s leading cities with the international standards of different indicators,the gap for Shanghai’s business environment is characterized by three levels,which are the absolute gaps,the relative gaps and basically flat.And the horizontal and optimized of the business environment of Shanghai are conducive to mature enterprises but not to growth-oriented enterprises;the optimization of business environment has promoted the development of open economy in Shanghai with international standards.The core optimization path of Shanghai’s business environment is the innovation of supervision and service model,that based on market mechanism,building a unified market system for SMEs and private enterprises,and establishing an access and exit market mechanism far fairer,equitable and efficient,and build an institutional soft environment etc.
作者
倪外
NI Wai(Institute of Economics,Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences,200020)
出处
《上海经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第10期61-68,共8页
Shanghai Journal of Economics
基金
教育部人文社科项目“香港经济竞争力变化趋势研究”(批准号:HKM1404)
国家自然科学基金青年项目“我国大都市内部不同功能区低碳经济发展模式研究——以上海市为例”(批准号:41301133)
上海市哲学社会科学规划项目“长三角地区低碳经济发展区域治理与合作研究”(批准号:2014ECK)联合资助
关键词
上海
营商环境
国际标准
有为政府
有效市场
Shanghai
Business Environment
International Standards
Active/Effective Government
Effective Market
