摘要
在"非得"这一双音情态副词成词之前,其内部两个语素"非"与"得"就已经具有了表示情态义的用法。"得"至迟在唐五代时期就有了表示"情势之必须"的用法。清末时"非"字吸收了原来"非X不Y"格式中表示"情势之必须"和"意愿之必欲"的用法进而可以单独表情态义。这样,"非得"就在语法化的强化作用下,由两个近义的单音情态副词结合成为双音情态副词。"非得"的形成过程还受到了双音化趋势的推动以及其他相同格式的词语的类推影响。
Before the dual tone modal adverb "Feidei" was formed, two morphemes "Fei" and "de" in it had already been used to express modal meaning. "De" was used to express "the necessity of situation" in Tang and Five Dynasties at the latest. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the word "Fei" absorbed the usage of "necessity of situation" and "necessity of will" in the original format of "Fei x Bu y", and then it can express the modal meaning alone. In this way, under the strengthened function of grammaticalization, the "Feidei" is formed by the combination of two near-synonymous monosyllabic modal adverbs. The formation of "Feidei" is also influenced by the trend of disyllabic and the analogy of other words with the same format.
作者
封景文
FENG Jingwen(College of Chinese Language and Literature,Hu'nan University,Changsha 410082,China)
出处
《武陵学刊》
2019年第6期113-121,共9页
Journal of Wuling
关键词
非得
语法化的强化作用
情态副词
非X不Y
"Feidei"
the strengthened function of grammaticalization
modal adverbs
"Fei X Bu Y"
