摘要
欧洲有机化学家在多年研究和实验的基础上,提出了干酪根热降解生油学说,而后又将其上升为烃源岩热降解生油学说,即烃源岩生油理论。实际上该学说是用有机化学的思维方法和实验技术,研究干酪根在高温作用下的生油过程和特点。但烃源岩生油问题是研究烃源岩在地质条件下的生油过程和特点,是有机地球化学研究的课题。对有机化学而言,化学反应的三个基本条件都是人为因素完成的,即都是可知的;但对有机地球化学来讲,这三个基本条件是不可知的,只能通过勘探手段和石油地质综合研究、模拟实验等方法获知。用有机化学的思维方法研究烃源岩生油问题时,无需对烃源岩和生油凹陷(或洼陷)做石油地质条件的综合分析研究;而采用有机地球化学的思维方法,首先要了解烃源岩的物质成分特征和生油凹陷(或洼陷)的石油地质条件,才能研制烃源岩生油模拟仪并开展模拟实验,在石油地质综合分析及模拟实验的基础上,才能开展烃源岩生油评价研究。重建中国陆相烃源岩生油理论的思维方法,是在对含油气盆地在整体持续沉降阶段有机物富集、向油气转化以及生成油气与孔隙水之间的互溶和保存进行研究的基础上,开展相关的模拟实验,最终完成重建研究。主要内容包括全国主要含油气盆地的石油地质特征研究、主力烃源岩全岩分析研究,以及烃源岩生油模拟实验仪的研制及相关单因素物质的模拟实验研究。
European organic chemists propounded the theory of oil generation by thermal degradation of kerogen based on the researches and experiments for many years,which is upgraded as the theory of oil generation by thermal degradation of source rocks,that is,theory of oil generation of source rocks.For this theory,process and characteristics of oil generation of the kerogen at high temperature are studied through organic chemistry method and experimental techniques actually.But the issue of oil generation of source rocks is to research the process and characteristics of oil generation of the source rocks under the geological conditions,and it is a research project of organic geochemistry.For the organic chemistry,three basic conditions of chemical reaction may be achieved according to human factors,that is to say,they are all knowable.But for the organic geochemistry,these three basic conditions are unknowable and are obtained by the means of exploration,comprehensive petroleum geology research and simulation experiments.When the organic chemistry method is applied to the research of oil generation of source rocks,it′s no need to comprehensively analysis the petroleum geology conditions of the source rocks and oil generation sag(or subsag).However,when the organic geochemistry method is applied,material composition characteristics of the source rocks and petroleum geology conditions of the oil generation sag(or subsag)should be known first,and then oil generation analog meter of source rocks may be developed and simulation experiments may be done.Oil generation of the source rocks may be evaluated finally based on the comprehensive petroleum geology analysis and simulation experiments.The reconstruction of the theory of terrestrial facies of petroleum in China is to carry out the corresponding simulation experiments based on the research on organic matter enrichment,transformation to oil and gas,and mutual solution and preservation between generated oil and gas and pore water at the stage of entire continuous settlement in the petroliferous basins.The reconstruction of the theory includes the research on petroleum geology characteristics and whole rock analysis of major source rocks of main petroliferous basins in China,the development of oil generation analog meter of the source rocks,and simulation experiments of the related material with single factor.
作者
关德范
Guan Defan(SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration&Production Research Institute,Beijing 100083)
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2019年第10期1-6,共6页
Sino-Global Energy
关键词
烃源岩生油理论
干酪根热降解
有机化学
有机地球化学
石油地质
模拟实验
oil generation theory of source rocks
thermal degradation of kerogen
organic chemistry
organic geochemistry
petroleum geology
simulation experiments
