摘要
来自世界多个国家的经验研究证实了农场规模与土地生产率之间的反向关系。中国大规模农户的土地生产率远低于小规模农户,单纯扩大土地规模无法实现农业规模报酬,以农业部门要素组合重构与连续性变化为特征的农业工业化,更主要依赖农业各环节服务规模的扩大和分工水平提高,这是实现农业规模报酬的可能途径。山东以供销社为主体进行农业生产要素重构,通过土地托管而非土地流转推动服务规模化,在标准化、易监督的环节提供专业化服务,搭建为农服务中心集约化供给不可分割的大型农业投入,发挥村级组织作用降低服务规模化组织成本,既通过分工效率提升实现了服务环节的规模报酬,又避免了单纯农场规模扩大引致的监督成本上升。本文认为,在农户家庭经营制度下,以服务规模化推进农业工业化与现代化,是中国农业发展的现实选择。
Empirical studies from several countries confirm the inverse relationship between farm scale and land productivity.The land productivity of large-scale farmer households in China is also far lower than that of small-scale households,and it would be impossible to achieve impressive agricultural returns by simply expanding the scale of land.The agricultural industrialization that features combination,reconstruction and continual changes of agricultural factors depends more on the expansion of service scale and the improvement of division of labor in the various links of agriculture;this is the possible way to achieve high returns from large-scale agricultural production.Shandong province has restructured agricultural factors through supply and marketing cooperatives,promoted service scale through land trusteeship rather than land circulation,provided specialized services in standardized parts that are easy to supervise,built agricultural service centers to intensively supply indivisible large-scale agricultural input,and cooperated with village organizations to reduce the costs of scale service.The return to scale of the service parts is realized by improving the efficiency of division of labor and avoiding the increase of the supervision costs caused by the expansion of farm scale.We believe that it is a realistic choice for China to promote agricultural industrialization and development to promote agricultural industrialization and modernization with scale service while farmer households are still basic cells of agricultural production.
作者
刘守英
王瑞民
Liu Shouying;Wang Ruimin
出处
《国际经济评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第6期9-23,M0003,共16页
International Economic Review
基金
中央农办、农业农村部乡村振兴专家咨询委员会软科学研究项目“‘十四五’深化农业供给侧结构性改革问题研究”(项目编号20190236)
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“农地三权分置的实践研究”(项目编号16JZD024)
国家自然科学基金应急管理项目“乡村振兴的理论、制度供求与体制政策保障——总体思路、目标模式与基本框架”(项目编号71841004)的支持
