摘要
石煤是一种古老的劣质无烟煤,因其伴生有多种稀有元素而备受关注。我国是世界上少数拥有石煤资源的国家之一,石煤资源的综合开发具有广阔前景。文章全面系统的总结了我国石煤资源的特点、分布、伴生元素等情况,重点阐述了石煤中钒、钼、硒、砷、氟等元素的含量水平、赋存状态和矿物载体。石煤中钒元素储量丰厚,不同地区钒资源品位良莠不齐,钒在石煤中的赋存状态复杂多变。石煤提钒工艺研究历史久远,但钒的回收率并不乐观,石煤中提钼是综合利用石煤的新途径之一。石煤中硒、砷、氟含量普遍高于中国煤均值,三者为环境敏感元素,石煤开发利用已经对周围环境和人类健康造成了严重影响,加强石煤中有害元素的迁移转化规律研究是控制其利用过程中释放有毒元素的保障。从稀有金属元素开发利用和有毒有害元素环境污染角度分析了研究过程中存在的问题和对策,为我国石煤资源的绿色、高效、综合开发利用提出了建议。
Stone coal is an old inferior anthracite that has attracted much attention due to its many kinds of rare elements. China was one of the few countries in the world to have stone coal resources, and the comprehensive development of stone coal resources has broad prospects. The article summarized the characteristics, distribution and associated elements of stone coal resources in China, and focused on the content level, occurrence state and mineral carrier of vanadium, molybdenum, selenium, arsenic and fluorine in stone coal. The reserves of vanadium in stone coal were abundant, and the grades of vanadium resources were different in different regions. The occurrence of vanadium in stone coal was complex and variable. The research on vanadium extraction process had a long history, but the recovery rate of vanadium was not optimistic. The extraction of molybdenum from stone coal was one of the new ways to comprehensively utilize stone coal. The content of selenium, arsenic and fluorine in stone coal was generally higher than that of the average value of coal in China. The above three elements were extremely sensitive to the environment. The development and utilization of stone coal had seriously affected the surrounding environment and human health, and strengthened the migration and transformation of harmful elements in stone coal. It was necessary to control the release of toxic elements during its use. From the perspective of the development and utilization of rare metal elements and the environmental pollution of toxic and harmful elements, the problems and countermeasures in the research process were analyzed, and suggested for the green, efficient and comprehensive development and utilization of China′s stone coal resources.
作者
张卫国
侯恩科
杨建业
李焕同
桓斌斌
Zhang Weiguo;Hou Enke;Yang Jianye;Li Huantong;Huan Binbin(College of Geology and Environment,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Shaanxi Province,Xi'an,710054,China;Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Geological Support for Coal Green Exploitation,Xi'an 710054,China;Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Exploration and Comprehensive Utilization,Ministry of Natural Resources,Xi'an 710021,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Shaanxi province,Xi'an 710054,China)
出处
《稀有金属》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第10期1092-1102,共11页
Chinese Journal of Rare Metals
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41802187,41672145)
陕西省教育厅科研计划项目(18JK0521)
陕西省煤炭绿色开发地质保障重点实验室基础研究计划项目(MTy2019-09)资助
关键词
石煤
钒
钼
硒
砷
氟
stone coal
vanadium
molybdenum
selenium
arsenic
fluorine
