摘要
选取金沙江干热河谷区(云南境内)9个气象站54 a气象数据资料,采用Penman-Monteith公式计算参考作物需水量,探讨夏玉米需水量的变化特征,分析了气候因素对需水量的影响。结果表明:金沙江干热河谷区(云南境内)1-12月各月平均参考作物蒸散量为56.1~155.2 mm,大部分站点年内变化呈单峰型曲线,巧家、东川呈双峰型曲线;夏玉米全生育期平均需水量为425.07 mm,需水量呈下降趋势,下降幅度为0.584 mm/a;夏玉米各生育阶段均存在不同程度的水分亏缺,在生长中期尤为严重。研究区元谋、东川需水量最大,鹤庆、永胜需水量最小,大部分站点夏玉米需水量呈下降趋势,其中永仁、元谋、巧家、东川下降趋势显著;日照减少是影响夏玉米需水量呈下降趋势的主要因素。
The trend and distribution characteristics of water requirements of summer corn and weather factors in their growing season is discussed, and the effect of climate change on ETc is analyzed according to weather data of 54 years for 9 weather stations in Jinsha River dry-hot Valley Region (Yunnan Province).Penman-Monteith formula is used to calculate the reference crop water requirements. The results show that the monthly average reference crop evapotranspiration is 56.1~155.2 mm. The annual variation of most stations shows a single-peak curve, while that of Qiaojia and Dongchuan show a double-peak curve. The average water demand of summer maize during the whole growth period is 425.07 mm, with a decreasing trend of 0.584 mm/a. Water deficit exists in different stages of maize growth, especially in the mid-growth stage. Yuanmou and Dongchuan have the largest water demand, Heqing and Yongsheng have the smallest water demand. Summer maize water demand at most stations shows a downward trend, among which Yongren, Yuanmou, Qiaojia and Dongchuan have a significant downward trend. Sunshine reduction is the main factor affecting the downward trend of summer maize water demand.
作者
李尤亮
王杰
曹言
张雷
王树鹏
LI You-liang;WANG Jie;CAO Yan;ZHANG Lei;WANG Shu-peng(Yunnan Hydraulic Research Institute, Kunming 650228, China)
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2019年第10期117-122,126,共7页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
云南省技术创新人才培养对象项目(2016HB015)
中央分成水资源费项目“珠江流域用水定额合理性评估——云南省典型灌区主要作物灌溉定额研究”(2018530117000853)
关键词
干热河谷
夏玉米
作物需水量
金沙江
dry-hot valleys
summer corn
crop water requirement
Jinsha River
