摘要
当前社会转型过程中,亲子异地居住、老年人异地照料孙辈现象增多。基于北京市C区H社区进行质性研究,深度访谈在京帮助子女照料孙辈的外地老年人,描述了他们的人口学和社会学特征,分析了他们照料孙辈的状态、问题与应对策略。研究发现:H社区在京照料孙辈的外地老年人以农村户籍、低龄健康女性老年人为主;单独来京的老年人略多于同配偶一起来京的老年人;他们照料孙辈具有暂时性特征,大部分老年人并无长期在京居留的意愿和计划,全面二孩政策的实施,延长了他们的在京居留时间。研究建议:为来京外地老年人提供临时社会支持和医疗保障,以提高其生活质量;增加托幼服务社会资源供给,以促进婴幼儿健康成长;全面加强对家庭建设的支持,以有效应对老龄化程度加深、低生育水平持续的双重挑战。
During the social transition,more elderly people are leaving their hometowns to live with their children in another place to take care of their grandchildren.This qualitative research gave in-depth interviews to the migrant elderly who had come to look after their grandchildren in community H of District C in Beijing,described the demographic and sociological characteristics of those elderly and analyzed their living conditions,problems and solutions.The findings are as follows.Most of them are younger healthy female elderly coming from rural areas.The proportion of females who come to Beijing alone is a little bit more than that of females who come to Beijing with their husbands.They know that they will go back home when their grandchildren are grown up.Most of them have neither desires nor long-term plans to reside in Beijing.The universal two-child policy makes their stay in Beijing much longer.This paper has three suggestions for this.Firstly,providing short-term social support and medical care for those migrant elders to improve their quality of life.Secondly,allocating more social nursing resources to help children grow up.Lastly,enhancing support for family building in an all-round way in order to effectively respond to the dual challenges of deepening ageing and low fertility level.
作者
王磊
郝静
何林
WANG Lei;HAO Jing;HE Lin(Institute of Population and Labor Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100028,China;Institute of Educational Supervision and Assessment,National Institute of Education Sciences,Beijing 100088,China;Graduate School,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China)
出处
《老龄科学研究》
2019年第6期49-57,共9页
Scientific Research on Aging
关键词
在京外地老年人
照料孙辈
全面二孩政策
migrant elders in Beijing
taking care of grandchildren
the universal two-child policy
