摘要
目的了解影响广东省高明监狱中服刑的人类免疫缺陷类病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)患者抗病毒治疗服药依从性因素,为提高服药依从性提供应对策略和依据。方法选择截至2018年9月份在广东省高明监狱服刑并正在接受抗病毒治疗1个月以上的349例HIV感染者/AIDS患者作为研究对象,以访谈方式对患者进行匿名问卷调查,调查内容包括患者的基本情况、服药情况和药物漏服原因等。采用描述流行病学方法对患者的抗病毒治疗服药依从性影响因素进行分析。结果349例患者中,在服刑期间有过漏服药或停药行为的占33.81%(118例),服药依从性≥95%的患者占84.53%(295例)。治疗时间长短、是否出现不良药物副作用、自我感觉服药后效果情况的服刑患者服药依从性差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄、婚姻状态、文化程度和服刑期限的患者服药依从性差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。导致漏服药物原因主要有忘记服药37.29%(44例)和出现明显药物不良反应30.51%(36例)。结论影响监狱服刑患者服药依从性的主要因素是药物不良反应、对服药依从性的重要性认识以及服刑患者服药行为自我管理意识。应通过加强抗病毒治疗相关知识和服药依从性重要意义的宣传教育,加强诊疗护理,减少药物不良反应产生以及通过监狱管理人员和医护人员定时提醒患者服药行为,从而提高监狱服刑患者抗病毒治疗服药依从性。
Objective To understand the factors affecting the compliance of antiviral treatment medications in HIV-infected patients/AIDS patients who are serving sentences in Gaoming Prison in Guangdong Province, provide strategies and evidence for improving medication compliance. Methods 349 HIV-infected patients/AIDS patients who had served their sentences in Gaoming Prison in Guangdong Province and were receiving antiviral treatment for more than one month by September 2018 were selected as the research subjects. An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted on interviews. The survey included patient’s basic conditions, medication status, and reasons of missed medication. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of patients’ anti-viral treatment medication compliance. Results Among the 349 patients, it was found that33.81%(118/349) of the patients had missed medication or withdrawal during the prison sentence, and there were 84.53%(295 cases) of patients with medication compliance over or equal to 95%. The differences in the medication compliance were statistically significant among different groups of duration of treatment, the presence or absence of adverse drug side effects, and the effect after taking the drug(P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the medication compliance among different groups of age, marital status, education level and term of imprisonment(P>0.05). The main causes of missed medication were forgetting to take(37.29%, 44 cases) and obvious adverse side effects(30.51%, 36 cases). Conclusion The main factors affecting medication compliance among patients in prison are adverse side effects of drugs, awareness of the importance of medication compliance, and self-management awareness of patients taking medication. It is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education on the knowledge of antiviral therapy and the importance of medication compliance, strengthen the diagnosis and treatment care to reduce the adverse side effects of drugs, and remind patients to take medications through prison administrators and medical staff, so as to improve the antiviral therapy medication compliance of patients in prison.
作者
张啟文
张金奖
谢学军
潘艳焱
刘俊涛
ZHANG Qi-wen;ZHANG Jin-jiang;XIE Xue-jun;PAN Yan-yan;LIU Jun-tao(Department of AIDS Prevention and Control,Gaoming District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Foshan Guangdong,528500,China;Department of Infection,Gaoming Prison Hospital,Foshan Guangdong,528500,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2019年第19期2674-2677,共4页
Occupation and Health
基金
佛山市医学科研基金项目(20180396)
关键词
监狱服刑
艾滋病
抗病毒治疗
依从性影响因素
Prison sentence
AIDS
Antiviral therapy
Compliance
Influencing factors
