摘要
[目的]本研究旨在探究淹水胁迫解除后,叶面喷施虾青素(astaxanthin,ASTA)对分蘖期受淹水稻的补救效应。[方法]以常规粳稻‘宁粳7号’为试验材料,盆栽种植,移栽10 d后进行没顶淹水5 d的处理,淹没结束后设5个处理:正常水分管理(用CT表示);淹水胁迫+解除淹水后喷施清水(CK);淹水胁迫+解除淹水后喷施0.4 mmol·L^-1虾青素(ASTA-0.4);淹水胁迫+解除淹水后喷施0.8 mmol·L^-1虾青素(ASTA-0.8);淹水胁迫+解除淹水后喷施1.6 mmol·L^-1虾青素(ASTA-1.6)。在叶面喷施后0(喷施当天)、1、2、3、5、7 d取样,测定水稻光合色素含量、抗氧化酶[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)]活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化氢(H2O2)含量和可溶性蛋白含量等指标;在叶面喷施后0(喷施当天)、3、6、9 d取样测定植株干物质量、株高和可溶性总糖含量;在成熟期收获有代表性的3盆测定产量及其构成因素。[结果]没顶淹水5 d后,与CT相比,水稻茎蘖数和绿叶数显著减少,干物质积累量和叶绿素含量降低,氧化损伤严重,导致产量下降。淹水解除后,与CK相比,叶面喷施虾青素能提高受淹水稻叶片中抗氧化酶活性,增加可溶性总糖和可溶性蛋白含量,降低H2O2和MDA含量,减轻氧化损伤,促进分蘖发生,加快干物质积累,减少产量损失。其中,叶面喷施后12 d,ASTA-0.8处理的茎蘖数、绿叶数以及干物质量、叶绿素a、可溶性总糖和可溶性蛋白含量均明显增加,抗氧化酶活性提高,叶片中H2O2和MDA含量降低;喷施后7 d,ASTA-0.8处理叶片中MDA含量与CK相比显著降低20.7%,H2O2含量降低9.4%;ASTA-0.8处理最终产量为CT产量的98.7%。[结论]叶面喷施0.8 mmol·L^-1虾青素可最大程度补救水稻分蘖期淹水导致的伤害和产量损失。
[Objectives]The study aimed to explore the remedial effect of foliar spraying astaxanthin(ASTA)on submerged rice at tillering stage after de-submergence. [Methods]The rice variety‘Ningjing 7’as experimental material was planted in pot,and five treatments were set up at tillering stage:normal moisture management(indicated by CT);submergence stress+spraying water(CK);submergence stress+spraying 0.4 mmol·L^-1 ASTA(ASTA-0.4);submergence stress+spraying 0.8 mmol·L^-1 ASTA(ASTA-0.8);submergence stress+spraying 1.6 mmol·L^-1 ASTA(ASTA-1.6). The leaves of rice were sampled at 0,1,2,3,5,7 days after spraying ASTA,and analyzed on the effect on the photosynthetic pigment content,the activities of antioxidant enzymes(SOD,CAT,POD,APX,GR),membrane lipid peroxidation(MDA)content,hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)content and soluble protein content. The leaves of rice were sampled at 0,3,6,9 days after spraying ASTA,and analyzed on the effect on the dry weight,plant height and total soluble sugar content. The yield and its components were measured by collecting representational three-pot rice at maturity. [Results]The results showed that after five days of submergence the number of tillers and green leaves per plant decreased significantly compared with CT,dry matter accumulation and chlorophyll content decreased,and oxidative damage was serious. Ultimately,it had an impact on yield. After de-submergence,foliar spraying ASTA could increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes,increase the contents of total soluble sugar and soluble protein,reduce the contents of H2O2 and MDA,alleviate oxidative damage,promote tillering,accelerate dry matter accumulation and reduce yield loss. In particularly,at 12 days after spraying,the number of tillers per plant,green leaves,and the contents of dry matter,chlorophyll a,total soluble sugar and soluble protein of ASTA-0.8 treatment increased significantly,and the activities of antioxidant enzymes increased,and the contents of H2O2 and MDA in leaves decreased. At 7 days after spraying,MDA content was 20.7% lower than CK,and H2O2 content was 9.4% lower than CK. The final yield of ASTA-0.8 treatment was the closest to CT,and the yield returned to 98.7% of CT. [Conclusions]When rice was submerged at tillering stage,foliar spraying 0.8 mmol·L^-1 astaxanthin could remedy it.
作者
徐霞
钟秋怡
何彬
张震
王绍华
丁艳锋
李刚华
XU Xia;ZHONG Qiuyi;HE Bin;ZHANG Zhen;WANG Shaohua;DING Yanfeng;LI Ganghua(Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)
出处
《南京农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期1006-1013,共8页
Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0301203,2016YFD0300505,2018YFD0300803)
江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2017369)
江苏省自主创新资金项目(CX[18]1002)
