摘要
钱塘江中小亹引河工程是清代贯穿康熙、雍正、乾隆三朝的旨在防治潮患的重要水利措施。康熙帝将引河作为辅助防潮措施,后因潮势变缓即停止;雍正帝坚定推动引河工程,希望以此减轻钱塘江北岸海塘受潮压力;乾隆帝则致力于海塘修筑,对引河工程持游移和侥幸态度,未敢过分倚重。三者态度之不同,反映了清代钱塘江防潮方略之变迁。中小亹引河工程与海塘修筑既相互辅助,又存在张力,引河工程在减缓北岸潮势、减轻海塘防潮压力的同时,其施工与管理本身又会分散防潮经费、人力和精力,挤占筑塘资源,二者呈现矛盾交织的关系。
The dredging project in the Qiantang river was an important water conservancy measure for preventing tidal waves throughout the Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong reigns in the Qing dynasty. This paper systematically analyzes the environmental background, decision-making process and implementation process of the dredging project in the Qiantang river in Qing dynasty, and analyzes the different concepts of water management of the three emperors. Emperor Kangxi took dredging the river as an auxiliary measure to protect against tidal ?ooding, which was stopped as the tidal inundation subsided. Emperor Yongzheng ?rmly pushed forward the river diversion project, hoping to change the river channel and tidal situation. Emperor Qianlong devoted himself to the construction of the seawall, but he vacillated on the diversion project. The different attitudes among emperors Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong re?ected the transition of tide defense strategy in Qiantang River in the Qing dynasty. The Qiantang River dredging project and seawall construction were mutually bene?cial but there were also tensions: while the dredging project alleviated the pressure on the north shore seawall, the construction and management of the dredging project itself dispersed the funds, manpower and energy for the prevention of tidal ?ooding.
作者
王申
WANG Shen(Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics and Estuary)
出处
《清史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第4期98-109,共12页
The Qing History Journal
基金
国家社科基金青年项目“清代钱塘江沙水奏折及沙水图整理与研究”阶段性研究成果
项目批准号：19CZS081
