摘要
2012-2015年,采用石蜡切片法对江西省德兴市的掌叶复盆子Rubus chingii花芽分化与年气温、日照时数、降水量和相对湿度变化之间的关系进行研究。结果表明,掌叶复盆子根部多年生,地上部枝干一二年生,二年生枝干春季开花结果后夏季枯死,冬春根蘖的萌芽春季快速生长并分生出二次分枝,新生枝干的营养生长和二年生枝干开花结果同时进行;掌叶复盆子花芽分化过程与年温度、日照时数、降水量和相对湿度之间存在对应关系;相对低温、长日照、少降水和低湿度是促进掌叶复盆子花芽分化的重要气象因子;其一年生枝条春季进行营养生长并持续到初夏,初夏其枝条孕育花芽且花芽进行营养生长,8-9月为花芽形态分化前期,10月初花芽分化出萼片原基,10月中旬分化出花瓣原基,11初分化出雄蕊原基,11月中旬分化出雌蕊原基,且芽体生长逐渐缓慢,进入约2个月的休眠期,直到翌年2月花芽萌动,3月花开放。
Observations and samplings were carried out during 2012 to 2015 on flower bud of Rubus chingii in Dexing,Jiangxi province.Determinations were implemented by paraffin section,and annual air temperature,insolation duration,precipitation and relation humidity were recorded.The results showed that the flower bud differentiation stages were correlated with annual temperature,sunshine,rainfall and relative humidity duration change.One-year branches of R.chingii were mainly for vegetative growth from spring to early summer.The mixed buds were formed from current branches in early summer.Flower buds were undifferentiated in August and September,calyx primordium was differentiated in early October,petal rimordium in mid-October,stamen primordium in early November and pistil primordium in mid-November.The flower buds growth was fast in the early stage,slower in the middle-late stage until dormancy.After about two months of dormancy,they sprouted in February the next year and blossomed in March.The experiment demonstrated that flower bud differentiation of R.chingii had important relation with relatively low temperature,long insolation duration,lower precipitation and lower relative humidity.
作者
闫翠香
邵小明
YAN Cui-xiang;SHAO Xiao-ming(Jiyang College,Zhejiang A&F University,Zhuji 311800,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming,College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)
出处
《浙江林业科技》
2019年第4期17-22,共6页
Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology
基金
浙江农林大学暨阳学院人才启动项目（JYRC201614）
科技部富民强县资助项目（国科发农﹝2012﹞745号）
关键词
掌叶复盆子
气象因子
花芽分化
发育
Rubus chingii
meteorological factors
flower bud differentiation
development
