摘要
目的:探究中国老年科住院病人的健康体验,为促进健康老龄化提供依据。方法:采用扎根理论,通过目的取样选取了15例综合医院老年科住院病人,经半结构深入面谈收集资料,运用持续比较法分析。结果:老年人以维护自我价值为核心,动态推进三个阶段:关注健康、维护健康、收获健康。在反思比较中定位自己,全面审视(专注当下或兼顾过去和未来),量力调适(力所能及则尽力;力所不及则不想或放手或借力),最大限度地维持、保全、实现自身价值。结论:老年人的健康体验是动态立体的,长度是老年期,含生老病死;宽度波及个人、家庭、社会及高层存在,家人和保姆的角色均无法替代;高度是尽己所能贡献自己;动态是随机应变、通过自助、互助和求助,安享晚年。健康状况与年龄无必然关系,健康期待随健康状况而调适。男性较固守生活规律,女性较灵活适应环境。院前急救、社区卫生服务和养老服务体系有待完善,安乐死有待合法。
Objective:To explore the health experience of geriatric inpatients in China,and provide references for the promotion of healthy aging.Methods:An exploratory qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews with 15 geriatric inpatients sampling by purpose in general hospitals in China.Data analysis followed the constant comparative method based on the principles of grounded theory.Results:The elderly were centered on maintaining self-worth and advancing 3 stages:focusing on health,maintaining health,and harvesting health.Position themselves in reflection and comparison,judge the situation(focus on the present or take into account the past and the future),self-adjustment(do what they can,try their best.If they can’t do it,they won’t think about it or ask for help.),maximize the maintenance,preservation,and realization of their own value.Conclusion:The health experience of the elderly is dynamic and three-dimensional.Length is the whole of old age,including life and death;the width includes individuals,families,society and existence,family and caregiver roles are irreplaceable;the height is to contribute as much as they can;the dynamic is to be adaptable,through self-help,mutual help and asking for help,enjoy a peaceful old age.Health status is not necessarily related to age,and health expectation is adjusted with health conditions.Men are more conservative in their rules of life,and women are more flexible to adapt to the environment.Pre-hospital care,community health services and old-age service systems need to be improved.Euthanasia needs to be legal.
作者
刘欣娟
龙园园
王杰
周宇彤
LIU Xinjuan;LONG Yuanyuan;WANG Jie;ZHOU Yutong(Center for Drug Evaluation,China Food and Drug Administration,Beijing 100191;School of Nursing,Peking University)
出处
《天津护理》
2019年第6期678-685,共8页
Tianjin Journal of Nursing
关键词
扎根理论
老年科
健康观
疾病观
善终观
空巢
Grounded theory
Geriatric ward
Health view
Viewpoint of disease
Good end view
Empty nest
