摘要
目的 了解宁海县手足口病的流行特征,为今后手足口病防控提供依据。方法 从传染病报告信息管理系统获取2009—2018年宁海县手足口病资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析;对咽拭子和粪便标本采用RT-PCR检测核酸。结果 2009—2018年宁海县累计报告手足口病病例31 093例,其中重症8例,死亡2例,年均发病率为483.25/10万,病死率为0.006%;每年有两个发病高峰,主高峰在4—7月,次高峰在10—12月;各乡镇街道间发病差异较大,城区及接合部是高发区;<5岁儿童占报告病例的88.70%,散居儿童占58.55%,男性多于女性;不同年份优势毒株呈现不同流行趋势。结论 宁海县手足口病呈发病率高、重症率低、病死率低,发病呈隔年高发态势,高发年由新转换优势流行株引起,低发年与上年优势流行株基本相同;<5岁儿童是主要防控人群;肠道病毒71型(EV71)每隔2~3年流行一次,柯萨奇病毒A16型(CVAl6)每隔3年左右流行一次,其他肠道病毒 (PE)有增加趋势。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of HFMD in Ninghai County,and to provide a basis for prevention and control of HFMD in the future.Methods Data of HFMD in Ninghai County from 2009 to 2018 were obtained from the Infectious Disease Report Information Management System and descriptive epidemiological methods were used for analysis.Nucleic acid was detected by RT-PCR on pharyngeal swabs and stool samples.Results From 2009 to 2018,31093 cases of HFMD were reported in Ninghai County,including 8 severe cases and 2 deaths,with the average annual incidence 483.25/100000 and the fatality rate 0.006%.There were two peaks each year,the main peak from April to July,and the second peak from October to December.The incidence of the disease varied greatly among the towns and streets,the urban area and the junction area were high incidence areas.Children under 5 years old accounted for 88.70%of reported cases,with diaspora 58.55%,and with more boys than girls.The dominant strains showed different trends in different years.Conclusion HFMD is with high incidence,low severity and low fatality in Ninghai County,and the incidence is high every other year.High incidence year is caused by new converted dominant epidemic strains,and low onset year is caused by dominant epidemic strains of last year.Children under 5 years old are the main prevention and control group.Enterovirus 71(EV71)is prevalent every 2 to 3 years,the coxsackievirus A16(CVA16)is prevalent every three years or so,and other enteroviruses(PE)have an increasing trend.
作者
孔志芳
杨斌
章海斌
胡莉莉
张丹
陈伟
王帆
葛宝湘
Kong Zhifang;Yang bin;Zhang Haibin;Hu Lili;Zhang Dan;Chen Wei;Wang Fan;Ge Baoxiang(Ninghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ninghai 315600,China)
出处
《中国医院统计》
2019年第5期373-376,380,共5页
Chinese Journal of Hospital Statistics
关键词
手足口病
发病趋势
病原学
hand foot and mouth disease
epidemiological characteristics
pathogenology
