摘要
为了减小焊接过程中急速不平衡加热及冷却导致的零件结构的变形,分析了影响零件焊接变形的因素。根据零件材料、焊接零件结构设计、焊接工艺等影响因素以及实际生产加工经验,总结了焊接变形的预防及控制方法,控制措施包括合理设计焊接结构、调整焊接热输入、采用不同的焊接顺序,改变焊缝结构等。最后指出,对于塑性较差的高强钢的焊接变形进行矫正时,应慎用机械矫正法,零件本身较大时,可以在焊接前加大零件尺寸,焊接后用机械加工方法满足产品焊后尺寸公差要求;对变形量不大、且材料硬度不高的变形零件,可采用加热矫正法使零件恢复形变,但应注意控制加热位置和温度。
In order to reduce the deformation of the part structure caused by the rapid unbalanced heating and cooling in the welding process,the factors influencing the welding deformation of the part were analyzed.According to the influence factors of the parts material,welding parts structure design,welding process,the actual production and processing experience,the prevention and control methods of the welding deformation are summarized,which includes the reasonable design of welding structure,the adjustment of welding heat input,the adoption of the different welding sequence,the change of weld structure and so on.Finally,it is pointed out that the mechanical correction method should be carefully used to correct the welding deformation of the high strength steel with poor plasticity.When the part is large,the size of the part can be expanded before welding,and after welding,the mechanical processing method can meet the requirements of the dimensional tolerance.For the deformation parts with small deformation and low hardness,the heating correction method can be used to restore the parts deformation,but controlling the heating position and temperature should be paid attention.
作者
王琨
WANG Kun(AVIC Qing’an Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710077,China)
出处
《焊管》
2019年第11期56-60,共5页
Welded Pipe and Tube
关键词
焊接变形
焊接结构
影响因素
焊接工艺
控制方法
welding deformation
welding structure
influencing factors
welding process
control method
