摘要
为了探究低山丘陵区不同地形部位新增耕地土壤侵蚀形态特征,及其对土壤理化性质的影响,应用侵蚀沟测量法和室内测验的方法,对太行山低山丘陵区唐县典型新增耕地的侵蚀沟发育形态特征、土壤侵蚀过程中土壤结构稳定性和土壤养分变化规律进行了研究。研究结果表明:(1)新增耕地土壤侵蚀模数达9683.76 t/km^2,山谷和山脊新增耕地侵蚀模数分别为11999.77 t/km^2、8114.98 t/km^2,沟道密度分别为0.05 m/m^2、0.03 m/m^2,沟道割裂度分别为0.03、0.13。(2)土壤机械组成情况,新增耕地细砂粒和粗粉粒流失现象显著(P<0.05),与山脊部位相比,山谷部位新增耕地流失现象更为明显;干筛条件下,新增耕地<0.25 mm粒径土壤团聚体含量显著降低(P<0.05),山谷新增耕地和山脊部位分别降低了28.92%、11.84%;湿筛条件下,新增耕地土壤<0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量下降情况显著(P<0.05),山脊和山谷部位分别降低了3.40%和10.97%。(3)不同地形部位土壤养分含量有明显差异,山脊部位养分含量低于山谷部位;不同侵蚀部位养分含量有较明显差异,土壤有机质、全氮和速效钾含量由大到小为无侵蚀区、沉积区、沟蚀区,有效磷含量由大到小依次为无侵蚀区、沟蚀区、沉积区。
In order to explore the morphological characteristics of soil erosion of newly-added cultivated land in different topographic areas of low mountain and hilly areas and its influence on soil physical and chemical properties,the development characteristics of erosion gullies,soil structure stability and soil nutrient variation of typical newly-added cultivated land in Tangxian County,Taihang Mountain and hilly areas were studied by means of erosion gully measurement and laboratory tests.The results showed that:(1)The soil erosion modulus of newly added arable land reaches 9683.76 t/km^2,and the erosion modulus of newly added arable land in valleys and ridges are 11999.77 t/km^2 and 8114.98 t/km^2,respectively.The channel density is 0.05 m/m^2 and 0.03 m/m^2,and the channel fragmentation is 0.03 and 0.13.(2)In soil mechanical composition,the loss of fine sand and coarse silt in newly-added cultivated land was significant(P<0.05).Compared with the ridge area,the loss of newly-added cultivated land in the valley area was more obvious.Under dry-screening condition,the content of soil aggregates with a grain size less than 0.25 mm was significantly reduced(P<0.05),while that of newly cultivated land and ridge decreased by 28.92%and 11.84%,respectively.Under wet-screening condition,the loss of newly cultivated land was less than 0.25 mm.The content of water-stable aggregates decreased significantly(P<0.05),and the contents of ridges and valleys decreased by 3.40%and 10.97%respectively.(3)The soil nutrient content in different topographic parts is obviously different,and the nutrient content in ridge part is lower than that in valley part;the nutrient content in different eroded parts is obviously different:the decreasing order of soil organic matter,total nitrogen and available K content is non-eroded area>sedimentary area>gully erosion area,and the decreasing order of available P content is non-eroded area>gully erosion area>sedimentary area.
作者
李航
刘建华
耿其明
许皞
LI Hang;LIU Jianhua;GENG Qiming;XU Hao(College of Resources and Environment Science,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;College of Land and Resources,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China)
出处
《林业与生态科学》
2019年第4期401-408,共8页
Forestry and Ecological Sciences
基金
河北省社会科学基金2016年度项目(HB16GL048)
河北省社会科学发展研究课题(201603120411)
关键词
低山丘陵区
新增耕地
土壤侵蚀
low hilly region
new cultivated land
soil erosion
