摘要
目的 探讨X射线对放射工作者外周血淋巴细胞染色体和微核率的影响,以便采取相应的防护措施,减少电离辐射引起的职业危害。方法 2018年选取1 199名沈阳市放射工作人员作为放射组,选取435名未接触射线的健康从业人员作为对照组。使用微量全血培养法,对外周血淋巴细胞染色体和微核率进行培养和检测分析。结果 放射组染色体畸变率(0.065%)和异常检出率(3.42%)高于对照组(0.014%、0.23%,均P<0.01),放射组微核率(0.48‰)高于对照组(0.39‰)(P<0.05);不同工龄组放射工作人员的染色体畸变率、异常检出率均随放射工龄的增加而增高,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),微核率差异无统计学意义;不同岗位放射人员染色体畸变率和异常检出率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),微核率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 放射工作人员长期接触低剂量的电离辐射,易造成外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变率和微核率明显升高,并随着工龄的增长而逐渐增加。
Objective To investigate the effects of X-ray on chromosome and micronucleus rate of peripheral blood lymphocytes in radiologists,so as to take corresponding protective measures and reduce occupational hazards caused by ionizing radiation.Methods 1199 Shenyang radiological workers were selected as the radiological group,and 435 health workers who were not exposed to radiation were selected as the control group in 2018.The chromosome and micronucleus of peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured and analyzed by whole blood culture.Results The chromosome aberration rate(0.065%)and abnormal detection rate(3.42%)in the radiation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(0.014%,0.23%,both P0.01),and the micronucleus rate(0.48‰)in the radiation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(0.39‰)(P0.05).The chromosome aberration rate and abnormal detection rate of radiation workers in different working age groups increased with the increase of working age,and the differences were statistically significant(both P0.05),while there was no significant difference in micronucleus rate.The difference of chromosome aberration rate and abnormal detection rate was statistically significant(P0.01),while the difference of micronucleus rate was not statistically significant(P0.05).Conclusion Long-term exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation may lead to significantly increased chromosome aberration rate and micronucleus rate of peripheral blood lymphocytes,and increase with the increase of working age.
作者
那向杰
王丽东
段潇潇
田欣鑫
孙素梅
NA Xiang-jie;WANG Li-dong;DUAN Xiao-xiao;TIAN Xin-xin;SUN Su-mei(Occupational disease prevention and health prevention and control institute,Liaoning Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenyang Liaoning,110005,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2019年第22期3152-3154,共3页
Occupation and Health
基金
辽宁省自然科学基金（2018225044）
关键词
放射工作人员
染色体畸变
微核率
电离辐射
Radiation workers
Chromosome aberration
Micronucleus rate
Ionizing radiation
