摘要
目的探讨甲基苯丙胺成瘾者(methamphetamine addict,MA)人格特质及其与心理渴求之间的关系,为预防复吸提出理论依据和实证经验。方法2017年8月以广西壮族自治区某强制隔离戒毒所315例MA为研究对象,采用《卡特尔16种人格因素问卷》和《药物渴求问卷》,了解MA的人格特质因子、脱毒期对毒品的心理渴求程度,采用Spearman相关分析探讨人格特质与心理渴求之间的关系。结果MA的聪慧性、稳定性、有恒性、独立性和自律性因素低于常模(P<0.01),而恃强性、敢为性、敏感性、怀疑性、幻想性、忧虑性和紧张性因素高于常模(P<0.01)。MA心理渴求五个因子总平均分为(3.36±1.85)分。人格特质中聪慧性(r=-0.201,P<0.01);稳定性(r=-0.275,P<0.01);有恒性(r=-0.184,P<0.05);恃强性(r=0.269,P<0.01);敢为性(r=0.210,P<0.01);忧虑性(r=0.259,P<0.01)和独立性(r=-0.254,P<0.01)与心理渴求五因子间存在相关性。多元逐步回归分析结果显示稳定性与对毒品的心理渴求呈负相关(β=-3.987,P=0.000),恃强性与毒品的心理渴求呈正相关(β=3.381,P=0.001)。结论MA具有与常人不同的人格特质,生理戒断期间对毒品仍存在一定程度的心理渴求,人格特质中稳定性对心理渴求程度有着负向预测作用,恃强性对心理渴求程度有着正向预测作用。
edness,apprehension and tension were significantly higher(P<0.01).The overall mean scores of the five factors in the psychological craving for drugs of MAs was 3.36±1.85,which was correlated with reasoning(r=-0.201,P<0.01),emotional stability(r=-0.275,P<0.01),perseverance(r=-0.184,P<0.05),dominance(r=0.269,P<0.01),social boldness(r=0.210,P<0.01),apprehension(r=0.259,P<0.01)and self-reliance(r=-0.254,P<0.01).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that emotional stability(β=-3.987,P=0.000)was negatively correlated while dominance(β=3.381,P=0.001)was positively correlated with psychological craving for drugs.Conclusions MAs usually have unique personalities and their psychological cravings for drugs still exist during detoxification period.The stability in personality traits has a negative predictive effect on drug craving while dominance has a positive predictive effect.
作者
唐浩
李晨
TANG Hao;LI Chen(Department of Drug Control,Criminal Investigation,Police University of China,Shenyang,Liaoning 110854,China;不详)
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2019年第10期897-902,共6页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费计划项目(D2018003)
中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2018M631611)
教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(18YJCZH161)
公安部技术研究计划项目(2015JSYJB17)
辽宁省经济社会发展研究课题(2018lslktzd-027)
关键词
甲基苯丙胺成瘾者
人格特质
心理渴求
复吸
Methamphetamine addict
Personality traits
Psychological craving
Relapse
