摘要
为提高大面积农田作物管理的精确性,以甘肃黄羊河农场玉米膜下滴灌示范区为研究对象,对大面积农田进行管理分区研究。综合考虑地形属性(高程、坡度、坡向)、土壤质地(砂粒、粘粒、粉粒含量)、土壤含水率(SWC)、速效氮含量(AN)、电导率(EC 1:5)以及玉米产量,根据相关性分析结果筛选产量主控因子,使用主成分分析得到3个主成分作为分区依据,进而使用模糊c均值聚类法(Fuzzy c-means algorithm,FCM)进行管理区划分,以模糊性能指数和归一化分类熵作为最佳分区数的评判依据,分析管理分区后各分区间的差异。结果表明:玉米产量的主控因子分别为土壤粉粒含量、土壤砂粒含量、SWC、AN、EC 1∶5和高程,使用模糊c均值聚类法进行聚类分区得到最优分区数为3个。管理区之间各主控因子呈现极显著差异性(P<0.01),且生育期内作物株高、叶面积指数(LAI)和SWC在不同分区中也有明显差异;同时,分区内的各因子变异性均有不同程度的下降。研究结果说明,农田分区管理可以依据不同分区特点制定管理策略,为“精准农业”的实施提供理论基础。
Taking the demonstration area of drip irrigation under film as the research object,and aiming at delineating management zones in large areas of farmland,in Huangyanghe Farm,Gansu Province.The topographical attributes(elevation slope and aspect),soil texture(sand,clay and silt),soil moisture content,available nitrogen,electrical conductivity and yield of maize were considered,the degree of variation and correlation of each factor were analyzed,and then the master factors of maize yield were extracted by the results of correlation analysis.Three principal components were obtained by principal component analysis(PCA)based on the master factors.Fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm(FCM)was used to delineate management zones based on the spatial variation of the principal components,the optimal partition number was determined by the fuzzy performance index(FPI),and normalized classification entropy(NCE)were minimum at the same time,and then the differences of the master factors among the management zones were analyzed.Results showed that the master factors were silt,sand,soil water content,available nitrogen,electrical conductivity and elevation,and three management zones were determined by FCM.Statistically significant differences in the master factors were found among the three management zones.Soil water content,crop height and LAI were also significantly different in different management zones during the crop growth period.The spatial variation of the factors within the same management zones was smaller than that of the factors in the whole field,and the variation between zones was large.Delineation of management zones should be adopted based on the characteristics of each zone,and the research result provided a theoretical basis for the implementation of precision agriculture.
作者
陈世超
杜太生
王素芬
CHEN Shichao;DU Taisheng;WANG Sufen(Center for Agricultural Water Research in China,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第11期293-300,共8页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
农业部公益性行业科研专项(201503125)
国家自然科学基金项目(51725904、51439006)
关键词
玉米
精准农业
空间分布
主成分分析
模糊c均值聚类法
管理分区
maize
precision agriculture
spatial distribution
principal component analysis
fuzzy c-means algorithm
management zones
