摘要
【目的】明确薰衣草精油对斜纹夜蛾幼虫的生物活性,为薰衣草精油在斜纹夜蛾及其他农业害虫上的生物防治提供理论依据,并为合理利用天然产物开发新型植物源农药提供新方向。【方法】采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取薰衣草精油,运用气相色谱—质谱联用仪(GC-MS)检测提取所得的薰衣草精油,确认其主要化学成分;以50%丙酮作溶剂将薰衣草精油配制成质量浓度为2.5、5.0、10.0、20.0和40.0 mg/mL的溶液,并设50%丙酮作为对照;在室内条件下分别采用浸渍叶碟法和饲喂称重法测定不同浓度薰衣草精油对斜纹夜蛾3龄幼虫的非选择性拒食作用、生长发育抑制作用和胃毒作用。【结果】采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取薰衣草精油的得率为1.16%;运用GC-MS分析检测提取获得的薰衣草精油,确认其主要化学成分约26种,主要成分为桉叶油醇(26.904%)、α-松油醇(14.380%)、芳樟醇(10.188%)、樟脑(8.557%)、β-蒎烯(6.695%)和α-蒎烯(2.296%)等。对斜纹夜蛾3龄幼虫的生物活性测定结果表明,低浓度(2.5和5.0 mg/mL)的薰衣草精油对斜纹夜蛾幼虫具有引诱作用,能促进幼虫取食,处理叶碟被取食的面积明显大于对照叶碟,高浓度(10.0、20.0和40.0 mg/mL)则具有较强的拒食活性;低浓度(2.5和5.0 mg/mL)薰衣草精油可促进斜纹夜蛾幼虫取食,试虫体重均高于对照,高浓度(10.0、20.0和40.0 mg/mL)薰衣草精油对斜纹夜蛾幼虫则具有明显的生长发育抑制作用,且随薰衣草精油浓度的升高和处理时间的延长而增强;不同浓度的薰衣草精油对斜纹夜蛾幼虫均具有较强的胃毒作用,且随着浓度的升高和处理时间的延长,胃毒作用进一步增强。【结论】薰衣草精油对斜纹夜蛾幼虫表现出较好的生物活性,具有进一步研发应用的潜力。
【Objective】To study the mechanism of the biological activity of essential oil from Lavandula angustifolia Mill.to the larvae of Spodoptera litura(Fabricius),so as to provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of essential oil from L.angustifolia to control the larvae of S.litura and other pests,and provide new direction for utilization of botanical pesticide developed by natural products.【Method】The essential oil from lavender was extracted by steam distillation.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was used to detect the essential oil to determinate its main chemical components.Using 50%acetone as solvent,the essential oil from lavender was diluted into 2.5,5.0,10.0,20.0 and 40.0 mg/mL solutions,and 50%acetone was set as control.Under indoor conditions,the non-selective antifeeding effect,growth inhibition and stomach toxicity of lavender essential oil on the third instar larvae of S.litura were determined by immersion leaf disc method and feeding weighing method.【Result】The yield of essential oil by steam distillation was 1.16%.There were 26 chemical components in the oil detected by GC-MS,and the main components included eudesmol(26.904%),α-terpineol(14.380%),linalool(10.188%),campher(8.557%),β-pinene(6.695%)andα-pinene(2.296%).According to the bio-activity of the third larvae of S.litura,the low concentration(2.5 and 5.0 mg/mL)of lavender essential oil showed an attractive effect on the larvae of S.litura,it could promote the feeding of larvae,and the feeding areas of the treatment leaves were larger than the control.While the high concentration(10.0,20.0 and 40.0 mg/mL)showed a strong antifeeding effect.The low concentration(2.5 and 5.0 mg/mL)showed a certain promoting effect on the growth of the larvae,the weight of the larvae were all higher than control.But the higher concentration(10.0,20.0 and 40.0 mg/mL)showed a strong growth inhibition effect,and the effect enhanced with the increasing of essential oil concentration and treatment time.Different concentrations of lavender essential oil had a strong stomach toxicity to S.litura larvae.As the concentration of lavender essential oil increased and the treatment time prolonged,the stomach toxicity improved.【Conclusion】Lavender essential oil has good biological activities to the larvae of S.litura,and has potential for further research and application.
作者
张艳
李正跃
陈斌
ZHANG Yan;LI Zheng-yue;CHEN Bin(State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan/Institute of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第11期2481-2488,共8页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200703)
云南省烟草公司科技计划项目(2017YN24)
第一批卓越农林人才教育培养计划项目(教高函〔2014〕7号)
云南农业大学大学生创新项目(2015313612)
关键词
薰衣草精油
斜纹夜蛾
胃毒作用
生物活性
lavende ressential oil
Spodoptera litura(Fabricius)
stomach toxicity
bio-activity
