摘要
【目的】对比广东仁化县与沙田柚原产地广西容县在沙田柚种植中的农业气候相似性,分析广东仁化县种植沙田柚的生态气候条件优劣,为提升沙田柚产量和品质提供科学依据。【方法】收集广西容县和广东仁化县两个国家气象观测站1962—2018年的地面气象观测资料,采用农业气候相似程度的诊断方法,对影响沙田柚生长和品质的气候生态条件进行分析;应用欧氏距离计算两县间的气候相似距离系数,分析广东仁化县种植沙田柚的生态气候条件优劣。【结果】在广东仁化县和广西容县的生态气候条件中,年极端最高气温、≥10.0℃年积温、日平均气温≥10.0℃天数两地均能很好地满足沙田柚的生长需求;年平均气温仁化县适宜沙田柚的生长,容县会出现偏高的不利影响;最热月(7月)的平均气温仁化县更适宜沙田柚生长,其中,容县会出现偏高的不利影响,仁化县则偶尔出现偏低的不利影响;年极端最低气温容县适宜沙田柚生长,仁化县会出现偏低的不利影响;最冷月(1月)的平均气温容县略优于仁化县,其中,仁化县会出现偏低的不利影响,容县则会出现偏高的不利影响。仁化县与容县间沙田柚主要生长期气候因子欧氏距离系数的均权综合系数为0.68,为3级相似。【结论】广东仁化县的生态气候条件能满足沙田柚的生长需求,可引种和驯化种植沙田柚,但在种植中要注意防御年度最低气温和最冷月(1月)平均气温偏低可能造成的不利影响。
【Objective】This study investigated ecological conditions for Shatian pomelo introduced to Renhua of Guangdong,by comparing climatic conditions in Renhua to the pomelo’s place of origin in Rongxian of Guangxi.It could provide reference for improving the yield and quality of Shatian pomelo in Renhua,Guangdong.【Method】Based on the surface meteorological observation data from 1962 to 2018 by two national meteorological observatories in Rongxian,Guangxi and Renhua,Guangdong.Agroclimatic climatic conditions that affected the growth of Shatian pomelo were explored by diagnosing the climatic similarity.The climate similarity index between Renhua,Guangdong and Rongxian,Guangxi was calculated by Euclidean distances to analyze the climate conditions for Shatian pomelo planted in Renhua,Guangdong.【Result】The results showed that some climatic conditions in both counties could meet the growth needs of Shatian pomelo very well.These were the annual highest temperature,annual accumulated temperature≥10.0℃and the days with daily mean temperature≥10.0℃.In terms of the annual mean temperature,Renhua,Guangdong was more suitable than Rongxian,Guangxi since the temperature in Rongxian,Guangxi would be too high.As for the hottest month(July)mean temperature,Renhua,Guangdong was more favorable.However,Renhua,Guangdong sometimes experienced low temperature in July while Rongxian,Guangxi occasionally underwent high temperature,which were not advantage to the pamelo’s growth.With regard to the annual minimum temperature,Rongxian,Guangxi was better than Renhua for Shatian pomelo because the temperature in Renhua,Guangdong might be too low.Concerning the average temperature in the coldest month(January),Rongxian,Guangxi was slightly better than Renhua,Guangdong.The temperature in Renhua,Guangdong might be too low while that in Rongxian,Guangxi might be too high.The weighted averaged index of Euclidian distance coefficient was 0.68 for the main climatic factor between Renhua and Rongxian,Guangxi,which meaned the similarity was in grade 3.【Conclusion】The climate for Shatian pomelo in Renhua of Guangdong can meet the growth requirements,and therefor Shatian pomelo can be introduced here.But the low average temperature of annual minimum temperature and the coldest month(January)may cause disadvantages to the plants.
作者
梁敏妍
黄翠银
张羽
罗晓玲
王华
史丽
杜尧东
LIANG Min-yan;HUANG Cui-yin;ZHANG Yu;LUO Xiao-ling;WANG Hua;SHI Li;DU Yao-dong(Jiangmen Meteorological Bureau,Jiangmen,Guangdong 529030,China;Guangxi Climate Center,Nanning,530022,China;Guangdong Climate Center,Guangzhou 510080,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第11期2496-2503,共8页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF201912)
广东省气象局科学技术研究项目(GRMC2018M49)
广东省气象局科技创新团队专项(201701)
关键词
沙田柚
农业气候相似程度诊断
欧氏距离
气候生态条件
广东仁化县
广西容县
Shatian pomelo
diagnostic methods for agroclimatic similarity
Euclidean distance
climatic ecological conditions
Renhua
Guangdong
Rongxian
Guangxi
