摘要
针对电动汽车锂电池在高温情况下极易引发电池的性能退化,甚至导致热失控的问题,提出了一种电动汽车锂电池模块化热管理系统设计方案。所设计的系统采用20节圆柱形电池交错排列方式,电池之间布置6块内含冷却液流道的冷却单体,利用冷却单体中流动的冷却液迅速带走电池在工作时产生的热量,保证锂电池工作在25~40℃的适宜范围内。采用所设计系统针对冷却液流速、管道连接方式对电池模组冷却性能的影响进行仿真与优化,并根据优化结果,搭建实验平台进行实验验证。实验结果表明:增大冷却液流量可有效提高冷却效率,但流量的选取应权衡冷却效果与消耗功率的利弊;电池并联的最高温度和温差比串联分别下降了7.55℃和6.74℃,说明并联对提高整个模块化电池热管理系统的散热性能具有较好的效果,在电池包数量较大时,宜采用并联方式;并联缩短了温度大范围波动的时间,减小了过大的温度波动对电池造成的影响。
A design scheme of modular thermal management system of lithium batteries for electric vehicles is proposed to solve the problem that the lithium batteries of electric vehicles are easy to cause degradation of battery performance under high temperature conditions,and even lead to thermal runaway.The system is designed with 20 staggered cylindrical batteries.Six cooling cells with coolant channels are arranged between the batteries.The cooling fluid flowing in the cooling cells can quickly remove the heat generated by the batteries during operation and thus ensure the lithium batteries to work within the appropriate range of 25-40℃.The designed system is used to simulate and to optimize the influences of coolant flow rate and pipe connection on the cooling performance of the batteries module.An experimental platform is built for verification based on the optimization results.Experimental results show that the increase in the coolant flow rate effectively improves the cooling efficiency,but the selection of flow rate should balance the advantages and disadvantages of cooling effect and power consumption.The maximum temperature and temperature difference in parallel connection are reduced by 7.55℃and 6.74℃respectively compared with those in series connection.This indicates that parallel connection can improve the heat dissipation performance of the entire modular thermal management system of batteries,and when the number of battery packs is large,parallel mode should be adopted.Parallel connection manner shortens the time of wide temperature fluctuation,and reduces the impact of excessive temperature fluctuation on the batteries.
作者
苟飘
徐俊
刘晓艳
王海涛
梅雪松
GOU Piao;XU Jun;LIU Xiaoyan;WANG Haitao;MEI Xuesong(Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robots,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)
出处
《西安交通大学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第12期104-110,共7页
Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目（51405374）
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（xjj2018043）
关键词
电动汽车
锂电池
热管理系统
热失控
electric vehicle
lithium battery
thermal management system
thermal runaway
