中国职业教育类型化改革的政策理想与行动路径——《国家职业教育改革实施方案》的内容分析与实施展望被引量：151

On the policy ideal and action path of the typification reform of vocational education in China: the content analysis and implementation outlook of the National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan

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摘要从层次到类型是中国职业教育改革的基本逻辑,《国家职业教育改革实施方案》的出台为新时期职业教育类型化改革提供了政策导向。但是,中国职业教育的类型身份认同迷失,类型特征也不明显。在类型教育的身份认同逻辑中,职业教育的类型化改革是"大职教观"视野下的现代职业教育体系建设,必须从模仿普通教育、追赶高等教育转向应用性的类型化特色发展。因而,《国家职业教育改革实施方案》规划了制度框架、国家标准、育人机制、办学格局和政策保障等多个维度的改革任务,不仅从国家政策的战略高度确立了职业教育的"类型身份",而且规划了中国职业教育类型化改革的"未来蓝图"和改革行动的"施工路线"。新时代中国职业教育改革要树立"一盘棋"的战略思维,统整职业教育类型化改革的目标,探索全面深化改革与综合治理的行动路径。 From the level to the type is the basic logic of China′s vocational education reform, the introduction of the National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan provides a policy orientation for the typification reform of vocational education in the new era. However, the type of identity of China′s vocational education is lost, and type characteristics are not obvious. In the identity logic of type education, the typification reform of vocational education is the construction of the modern vocational education system under "the view of big vocational education". It has to develop from imitating ordinary education and catching up with higher education to typification of application as its characteristic. Therefore, the National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan has planned several reform tasks including institutional framework, national standards, education mechanisms, school-running patterns, policy guarantee, etc. It not only establishes the "type identity" of vocational education from the strategic height of national policies, but also plans the "blueprint for the future" of the typification reform of vocational education in China and "construction paths" of the reform action. In the new era, the reform of vocational education in China should set up the strategic thinking of "a game of chess", unify the goal of typification reform of vocational education, and explore the action path of deepening the reform and comprehensive governance in an all-round way.

作者李鹏石伟平 LI Peng;SHI Weiping(Institute of Vocational&Adult Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062;Research Center for Overall Planning of Urban and Rural Education Development,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区华东师范大学职业教育与成人教育研究所西南大学统筹城乡教育发展研究中心

出处《高校教育管理》 CSSCI 北大核心 2020年第1期106-114,共9页 Journal of Higher Education Management

基金国家教育宏观政策研究院青年项目(201901006) 中国博士后科学基金第12批特别资助项目(2019T120316) 西南大学统筹城乡教育发展研究中心重大项目(14SWUJDPYA01)

关键词职业教育《国家职业教育改革实施方案》教育类型政策理想政策实践 vocational education the National Vocational Education Reform Implementation Plan types of education policy ideal policy practice

分类号 G710 [文化科学—职业技术教育学]