摘要
为研究热带城市行道树的配置,以海口市作为研究对象,调查了海口市行道树的高度(h)、冠幅(p)、道路宽度(D)及道路两侧的建筑物高度(H)等项目,结合采集到的数据,通过SketchUp软件辅助模拟,对道路行道树进行日照分析。结果显示:南北走向道路行道树接受日照时间东侧与西侧基本没有差异;建筑物的高度与行道树的高度对行道树受日照时间的影响较大,而道路的宽度对行道树受日照时间基本没有影响;东西走向道路行道树受日照时间,北侧行道树比南侧行道树受日照时间长;建筑的高度、行道树的高度、道路的宽度对行道树的受日照时间有明显的影响。依据分析结果提出如下策略,同等情况下,南北走向的道路,在两侧建筑物不高的情况下,应选择遮阴,植株体量较大的树种(如小叶榕Ficus benjamina、大叶榕Ficus altissima、秋枫Bischofia javanica等),反之,适宜选择植株体量较小树种(如羊蹄甲Bauhinia purpurea、假苹婆Sterculia lanceolate等)。东西走向道路,北侧行道树应采用大体量遮阴树种(如大叶榕、垂叶榕Ficus benjamina等);南侧行道树宜选择体量较小的树种(如假苹婆,羊蹄甲等)。在道路宽度较窄,两侧建筑物较高的道路,适宜单侧种植行道树,或种植耐荫花灌木(如光叶子花Bougainvillea glabra、基及树Carmona microphylla、非洲茉莉Fagraea ceilanica等)。
In order to study the layout of street trees in tropical cities, the height and crown width of street trees as well as road width and the building height on both sides of the roads were measured in Haikou city with Haikou city as an example. The data collected was used to analyze the sun exposure to the street trees by using the SketchUp software. The results showed that there was no difference in daylight exposure duration of the street trees between the east and west sides of the north-south roads. The height of buildings and the height of street trees had a great influence on the sunshine duration of the street trees, while the width of roads generally had no effect on the sunshine duration of the street trees. The street trees along the east-west roads had longer sunlight exposure duration in the north than in the south. The height of building, the height of the street trees and the width of the roads had obvious influence on the sunshine duration of the street trees. In this context a strategy for layout of street trees was put forward. Under the same circumstances in the north-south roads where buildings are not high on both sides of the roads big shade trees, such as Ficus benjamina, Ficus altissima, Bischofia javanica, etc, are recommended for planting along both sides of the roads, or on the contrary if the buildings are high small trees such as Bauhinia purpurea, Sterculia lanceolate, etc are selected. If the road runs from east to west, big shade trees, such as Ficus altissima, Ficus benjamina, etc, are selected for planting on the north side, and small trees, such as Sterculia lanceolate, Bauhinia purpurea, etc, are planted on the south side of the road. In the narrow roads where buildings are high on both sides it is better to plant street trees in one side or plant shade shrubs, such as Bougainvillea glabra, Carmona microphylla, Fagraea ceilanica, etc.
作者
汪丽
康梓杭
吴庆书
WANG Li;KANG Zihang;WU Qingshu(Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China)
出处
《热带生物学报》
2019年第4期424-431,共8页
Journal of Tropical Biology
关键词
风景园林
日照分析
行道树
海口
Landscape architecture
sunshine analysis
street trees
Haikou
