摘要
本文通过测算城乡居民和城镇职工长期护理保险需求,构建医疗保险精算模型,对中国长期护理保险财政负担能力展开研究。结果发现:依托城乡居民医疗保险建立的长期护理保险会增加财政支出,但是支出规模在可控范围内;依托城镇职工医疗保险建立的长期护理保险会威胁职工医疗保险统筹基金的安全,因而不可持续,但是该问题可以通过改革职工医疗保险个人账户来解决;中国长期护理保险应该采用“个人缴费+医疗保险基金补助+财政补助”的模式,且个人缴费最高不超过15%;中国长期护理保险财政负担水平总体较低,财政有能力维持长期护理保险的运行。对此,我国应尽快正式建立全国性的长期护理保险制度和财政对长期护理保险的投入机制。
This paper studies the financial burden capacity of long-term care insurance by calculating the long-term care insurance demand of urban and rural residents and urban employees in China and constructing medical insurance actuarial models.The results show as follow:the establishment of long-term care insurance relying on basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents will increase the fiscal expenditure,but the scale of expenditure will be within the controllable range;the establishment of long-term care insurance relying on basic medical insurance for urban employees will threaten the security of the pooling fund,which is not sustainable,but it can be resolved by reforming individual account of basic medical insurance for urban employees;China's long-term care insurance should adopt"individual payment+medical insurance fund subsidies+financial subsidies"mode with the maximum individual contribution proportion not exceeding 15%;the financial burden level of long-term care insurance in China is generally low,and the finance has the ability to guarantee the operation of long-term care insurance.Therefore,China should establish a national long-term care insurance system and financial input mechanism as soon as possible.
出处
《社会保障研究》
CSSCI
2020年第1期33-47,共15页
Social Security Studies
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(16JJD840007)
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(16JJD840009)阶段性研究成果。
关键词
城乡居民医疗保险
城镇职工医疗保险
长期护理保险
依托医保
财政负担
basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents
basic medical insurance for urban employees
long-term care insurance
relying on medical insurance
financial burden
