摘要
为了明确钵苗机插杂交籼稻从育苗到大田管理的关键技术,并形成单位面积产量750 kg/667 m^2以上的栽培配套技术,在大田条件下,研究钵苗机插不同育秧材料、播种量、密度和氮肥运筹对籼稻生长和产量的影响。结果表明,在育苗营养细土中加入适当的细沙和土壤黏结剂,可以明显提高出苗率和栽插质量;单穴播种量在4~5粒有利于培育壮秧,降低栽插空穴率;钵苗杂交籼稻栽插行距33 cm、株距16 cm、栽插密度1.26万穴/667 m^2左右、基本苗3.0万~3.5万株/667 m^2时利于高产;在氮肥运筹上,基蘖肥︰穗肥=7︰3时,成穗率与产量均较高。
This study was aimed to establish key technologies for the indica hybrid rice whose seedlings are potted and mechanically transplanted,which include the technology for seedling production and field management,and the supporting cultivation technology for achieving the per unit area yield of more than 750 kg/667 m^2.Under field conditions,we determined the effects of different seedling-producing substrata,sowing amount and density,and nitrogen application pattern on the growth and yield of indica rice.The results showed that rice emergence rate and transplanting quality were significantly improved by adding appropriate fine sand and a soil adhesive to the nutrient-rich fine soil used for seedling production;the seeding density of 4 or 5 seeds per hole was conducive to producing strong seedlings and reducing the rate of empty hole.Regarding transplanting,a high yield of indica rice was achieved under the cultivation conditions as follows:the row spacing of 33 cm,the plant spacing of 16 cm,the transplanting density at about 12600 holes/667 m^2,and the basic seedling density of 30000-35000 seedlings/667 m^2.In terms of nitrogen application pattern,when the ratio of basal-tillering fertilizers to panicle fertilizers was 7∶3,both of the number of ears and the yield were high.
作者
杨松
贾一磊
王进友
罗来君
高雯雯
YANG Song;JIA Yi-lei;WANG Jin-you;LUO Lai-jun;GAO Wen-wen(Huanghai Branch of Jiangsu Provincial Agricultural Reclamation Development Co.,Ltd.,Yancheng 224600,China;Testing Center of Modern Agricultural Research Institute,Jiangsu Provincial Agricultural Reclamation Development Co.,Ltd.,Huai'an 223200,China)
出处
《大麦与谷类科学》
2019年第6期16-21,共6页
Barley and Cereal Sciences
关键词
钵苗机插
杂交籼稻
栽培技术
高产
Mechanically transplanting potted seedlings
Indica hybrid rice
Cultivation technologies
High yield
