摘要
目的探讨北京市急诊科护士幸福感影响因素,分析其与工作倦怠、正念思想的相关性。方法2018年2月至2019年2月采用方便抽样法对北京市5所三级甲等医院急诊科的184名护士进行调查,采用一般情况调查表收集护士的一般资料,采用正念注意觉知量表评估护士正念思想,采用护士职业倦怠问卷评估护士的职业倦怠情况,采用职业幸福感量表评估护士的幸福感。用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析北京市急诊科护士幸福感影响因素,同时分析正念思想在工作倦怠和幸福感间的中介作用。结果184名护士正念思想得分为(65.23±5.48)分,其中低正念水平54名占29.35%,中等正念水平80名占43.48%,高正念水平50名占27.17%;职业倦怠情感耗竭(EE)得分为(29.76±4.32)分、去人格化(DP)得分为(9.66±1.30)分、低个人成就感(tPA)得分为(30.15±3.28)分;轻度倦怠63名占33.70%,中度倦怠70名占38.04%,高度倦怠52名占28.26%。职业幸福感得分为(64.68±7.38)分。单因素分析结果显示,影响急诊科护士幸福感的因素有年龄、文化程度、职称、工作年限、加班、月收入以及受聘性质;轻度职业倦怠、中度职业倦怠以及重度职业倦怠的急诊科护士职业幸福感评分分别为(69.97±8.21)、(61.72±9.21)、(56.41±7.02)分,差异有统计学意义(F=32.176,P<0.01);低正念水平、中等正念水平以及高正念水平的急诊科护士职业幸福感评分分别为(59.43±8.11)、(63.72±9.51)、(76.41±6.98)分,差异有统计学意义(F=40.291,P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,工作年限、加班情况以及职业倦怠是影响急诊科护士幸福感的独立危险因素,而正念思想是其保护因素;急诊科护士职业幸福感与正念思想呈正相关(r=0.812,P<0.01),与职业倦怠中的tPA评分呈正相关(r=0.713,P=0.008),而与职业倦怠中的EE评分(r=-0.503,P<0.01)和DP评分(r=-0.614,P=0.012)呈负相关。正念思想的中介效应为-0.1794,占总效应的27.63%。结论职业倦怠影响急诊科护士的职业倦怠和幸福感,而正念思想是急诊科护士幸福感的保护因素。
Objective To explore the influencing factors of happiness of nurses in Beijing Emergency Department and analyze their correlation with job burnout and mindfulness.Methods From February 2018 to February 2019,184 nurses in Emergency Departments of five 3A hospitals in Beijing were investigated by convenient sampling method.General data of nurses were collected by using self-made sociodemographic characteristics data.Mindfulness awareness questionnaire was used to evaluate nurses′mindfulness thoughts.Nurses′job burnout was evaluated by nurses′job burnout questionnaire.The occupational well-being scale was used to evaluate nurses′well-being,and then single-factor and multi-factor Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of nurses′well-being in Beijing Emergency Department,and the mediating effect of mindfulness on job burnout and well-being.Results The mindfulness scores of 184 nurses were(65.23±5.48),of which 54(29.35%)had low mindfulness level,80(43.48%)had medium mindfulness level,and 50(27.17%)had high mindfulness level.The emotional exhaustion(EE)score of job burnout was(29.76±4.32),depersonalization(DP)score was(9.66±1.30)and dimindished personal accomplishmen(tPA)score was(30.15±3.28),of which 63(33.70%)were mild burnout,70(38.04%)were moderate burnout and 52(28.26%)were severe burnout.The score of occupational well-being was(64.68±7.38).Univariate results showed that the factors affecting the happiness of nurses in Emergency Department included age,education level,professional title,working years,overtime work,monthly income and nature of employment.The scores of occupational well-being of Emergency Department nurses with mild,moderate and severe job burnout were(69.97±8.21),(61.72±9.21)and(56.41±7.02)respectively,with statistically significant difference(F=32.176,P<0.01).The occupational well-being scores of Emergency Department nurses with low mindfulness level,medium mindfulness level and high mindfulness level were(59.43±8.11),(63.72±9.51)and(76.41±6.98)respectively,the difference was statistically significant(F=40.291,P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that working years,overtime work and job burnout were independent risk factors affecting the happiness of nurses in Emergency Department,while mindfulness was the protective factor.Occupational well-being of nurses in Emergency Department was proportional to mindfulness(r=0.812,P<0.01),proportional to dimindished personal accomplishmen score in job burnout(r=0.713,P=0.008),and inversely proportional to EE score(r=-0503,P<0.01)and DP score(r=-0.614,P=0.012)in job burnout.The mediating effect of mindfulness was-0.1794,accounting for 27.63%of the total effect.Conclusions Job burnout affects job burnout and well-being of nurses in emergency department,and mindfulness was the protective factor of well-being of nurses in emergency department.
作者
张靓
李凡
明亚燃
周瑛
Zhang Liang;Li Fan;Ming Yaran;Zhou Ying(Emergency Department,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730,China)
出处
《中国实用护理杂志》
2020年第1期52-57,共6页
Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing
关键词
急诊科
护士
幸福感
职业倦怠
正念
Emergency Department
Nurses
Happiness
Job burnout
Mindfulness
