摘要
聚酰亚胺(PI)是一类通过酰亚胺键连接的环链状高分子聚合物,其化学组成可调,同时具有复杂的多尺度多层次结构特征,更进一步地影响了材料的热学、力学和光电性能.本文综述了近年来分子模拟方法在PI中的应用,辅助研究和解释了PI材料的结构和性能的关系.结构上,包括分子链结构、凝聚态的结晶、取向结构、自由体积以及相结构;性能上,介绍了分子模拟在PI材料热性能、机械性能、气体分离以及PI基复合材料的界面结合性能方面的应用.最后,对计算机模拟在聚酰亚胺研究中的发展趋势进行了展望,本文对于PI性能优化和功能性PI的设计制备具有一定的理论指导意义.
Featured by its outstanding thermo-oxidative stability and excellent mechanical properties, polyimide has aroused growing research interests. The hierarchical structure of polyimide(PI), which largely influences its thermal, mechanical, and photoelectric properties, can be well adjusted by carefully regulating the chemical composition. In this review, we primarily focus on the employment of molecular simulation for unravelling and interpreting the structure-property relationship of PI materials, and summarize the recent progress both at home and aboard on the research of multi-scale PI structures. The molecular chain structures of PI can be finely analyzed in terms of the chains conformation, characteristic ratio and torsion energy barrier, while the thermal and mechanical properties are properly explained from the perspective of molecular chain constitutions, chains movement and the packing state of PI chains. Meanwhile, the highly concerned force field has been used in molecular dynamic(MD) simulation of PI thermal-mechanical behaviours. MD simulation or Monte Carlo(MC)simulation also works well for understanding the gas separation performance of PI materials through the fractional free volume(FFV) of PI molecules or the dissolution and diffusion patterns of small molecules in novel PI framework with particular main-chain or side-chain structures. Furthermore, the studies on PI-based composites are basically concentrated on the exploration of interfacial properties between PI and other materials, including the simulated binding energy and small-scale interactions like the van der Waals forces and electrostatic interactions.The development trend of computer simulation in PI-related research is briefly discussed in the end, so as to provide valuable guidance for the performance optimization of PI materials as well as some useful thoughts on the design and preparation of functional PI molecules.
作者
雷环宇
田国峰
肖美凤
李小兰
齐胜利
武德珍
Huan-yu Lei;Guo-feng Tian;Mei-feng Xiao;Xiao-lan Li;Sheng-li Qi;De-zhen Wu(State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering,College of Materials Science and Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029)
出处
《高分子学报》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第12期1253-1262,共10页
Acta Polymerica Sinica
基金
国家重点基础研究计划(973计划,项目号2014CB643604,2014CB643606)
国家自然基金(基金号51673017,21404005,51273018,5179500011)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(基金号XK1802-2)
中国航空科学基金(基金号201718S9001)
江苏省杰出青年基金(基金号BK20140006)资助项目
关键词
聚酰亚胺
结构与性能
分子模拟
Polyimide
Structure-property relationships
Molecular simulation
