摘要
采用两因素随机区组试验设计,设置4个灌水量(L1,L2,L3,L4)及2个灌水频率(P1,P2),通过对冬春茬和夏秋茬番茄营养品质、糖组分、糖代谢酶及产量的研究,以期探讨灌水量及频率对番茄品质形成机理的影响及综合品质产量最优的合理灌水量及频率。研究结果表明:适当减少灌水量可提高番茄各营养指标含量、糖组分含量、SS和SPS活性以及WUE,但抑制AI和NI活性且降低了产量,而灌水频率对各指标无显著影响;冬春茬可溶性酸、可溶性糖含量、糖酸比、SS和SPS活性、果糖和葡萄糖含量均在L2处理达到了最大,而产量以L4最大,其中Vc、葡萄糖、SS活性等对其品质及产量形成影响较大;夏秋茬L1处理番茄营养品质指标、糖组分含量(淀粉除外)、SS活性显著高于L3、L4,产量仍以L4最大,果糖含量L1处理甚至显著高于L3与L41.02倍和1.25倍,其中Vc、蔗糖、NI活性等对其品质及产量形成影响较显著;根据主成分综合品质及产量得出,冬春茬与夏秋茬温室番茄苗期、开花坐果期、盛果期至拉秧分别灌水150、200、400 ml·株^-1·d^-1与300、600、900 ml·株^-1·d^-1,每天灌水1次或者2次时品质及产量综合得分最佳。
A two-factor randomized block design with four irrigation levels(L1,L2,L3,L4)and two frequencies(P1,P2)in this study was used.By studying the nutritional quality such as sugar components,carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes,and yield of tomato in winter,spring,summer,and autumn,we discussed the effects of irrigation amount and frequency on the formation mechanism of tomato quality and the optimum irrigation amount and frequency for better quality and yield.The results showed that appropriate reduction in irrigation volume can increase the nutritional contents including sugar content,SS and SPS activities,and WUE,but inhibited the activity of AI and NI and reduced the yield,while the irrigation frequency had no significant effect on all indexes.The organic acids,soluble sugar content,sugar and acid ratio,SS and SPS activities,fructose and glucose contents of winter and spring crop reached the maximum in L2 treatment,while the yield was the largest in L4,of which Vc,glucose,and SS activity had a greater impact on its quality and yield formation.Nutritional quality indicators of summer and autumn stubble tomato,sugar content(except starch),SS activity with L1 treatment were significantly higher than L3 and L4.The yield was still the largest with L4.The fructose content in L1 was significantly higher than that with L3 and L4,1.02 and 1.25 times,respectively.Among them,Vc,sucrose,and NI activity had significant effects on its quality and yield formation.According to analyses of the main components of the overall quality and yield derived,winter and spring stubble in greenhouse,greenhouse tomato seedling stage,flowering set fruit stage,and full bearing period to seedlings pulling were irrigated at 150,200,400 ml·plant^-1·d^-1 and 300,600,900 ml·plant^-1·d^-1,and 1 or 2 times a day obtained the best overall quality and yield.
作者
周海霞
兰挚谦
张凯歌
郑文德
马嘉伟
林薇
张雪艳
ZHOU Haixia;LAN Zhiqian;ZHANG Kaige;ZHENG Wende;MA Jiawei;LIN Wei;ZHANG Xueyan(College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China)
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期86-93,共8页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
宁夏回族自治区农业科技园区专项项目(2016BN01)
宁夏回族自治区十三五重大研发项目(2016BZ0902)
宁夏回族自治区科技创新领军人才项目(KJT2017001)
关键词
番茄
灌水量
灌水频率
品质和产量
糖组分
糖代谢酶活性
tomato
irrigation quantity and frequency
quality and yield
sugar component
activity of sugar metabolizing enzymes
