摘要
目的调查分析青岛市围绝经期铁路工人的心血管疾病(CVD)危险因素及生活方式干预后对CVD危险因素的影响。方法采用整群抽样法抽取2018年1-12月围绝经期铁路工人300名,调查分析血压、血脂、代谢综合征等CVD危险因素,进行生活方式干预6个月,复查身体测量指标。结果298名围绝经期女性铁路工人完成研究,CVD危险因素暴露包括吸烟、饮酒、超重或肥胖、糖尿病或高血糖、血脂异常、高血压。CVD高危人群组的年龄、工龄、饮食偏咸、饮食偏油、吸烟、饮酒、超重或肥胖率、糖代谢异常率、血脂异常率及高血压率均高于低危人群组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高危人群组体质量指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、空腹血糖(FPG)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)均高于低危人群组,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)低于低危人群组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后铁路工人的超重或肥胖率、饮食偏咸率、饮食偏油率、吸烟饮酒率、不运动率、BMI、WHR、SBP、DBP、TC、LDL-C均明显低于干预前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论围绝经期铁路工人可能有一种或多种CVD危险因素,开展生活方式干预有助于降低CVD危险因素。
Objective To investigate and analyze the risk factors of cardiovascular disease(CVD)of railway workers in perimenopausal period in Qingdao and the effects of lifestyle intervention on CVD risk factors.Methods Cluster sampling method was used to select 300 female railway workers in the perimenopausal period from January to December 2018 to investigate the risk factors of CVD,such as blood pressure,blood lipid and metabolic syndrome,then lifestyle intervention was conducted for 6 months and the physical measurement indicators above were re-examined.Results 298 perimenopausal female railway workers completed the study.The CVD risk factors that the female workers had included smoking,alcohol consumption,overweight or obesity,diabetes or hyperglycemia,dyslipidemia,and hypertension.Age,working age,salty diet,oily diet,smoking,drinking,overweight or obesity rate,abnormal glucose metabolism rate,dyslipidemia rate and hypertension rate in the high-risk group of CVD were all higher than those in the low-risk group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Body mass index(BMI),waist hip ratio(WHR),systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),fasting plasma glucose(FPG),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)of the high-risk population groups were higher than the low risk population groups,and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)in the low risk population groups was higher than the high-risk population groups.The difference had statistical significance(P<0.05).The rates of overweight or obesity,salty diet,oily diet,smoking and drinking,inactivity,BMI,WHR,SBP,DBP,TC and LDL-C of the female railway workers after the intervention were significantly lower than that before the intervention(P<0.05).Conclusions Perimenopausal railway workers may have one or more CVD risk factors,and lifestyle interventions can reduce CVD risk factors.
作者
王文颖
马旭
赵蕊
WANG Wen-ying;MA Xu;ZHAO Rui(Qingdao Municipal Hospital,Qingdao 266000,China)
出处
《工业卫生与职业病》
CAS
2020年第1期48-51,共4页
Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases
关键词
围绝经期
铁路工人
心血管疾病
危险因素
生活方式干预
Perimenopause
Railway workers
Cardiovascular disease
Risk factors
Lifestyle intervention
