摘要
目的掌握巴中市巴州区重点人群碘营养水平和碘缺乏病病情现状,为落实碘缺乏病防治分类指导和差异化干预提供依据。方法2013-2017年在巴中市巴州区按东、西、南、北、中5个方位各随机抽取1个乡,在每个乡随机抽取8~10岁儿童、孕妇、哺乳期妇女及其0~2岁婴幼儿、40岁以下育龄妇女各10名,检测其尿碘、家中食用盐碘含量,每乡触诊或B超检查80名8~10岁儿童甲状腺,各乡调查2份居民生活饮用水水碘含量,对检测尿样的儿童开展其家庭居民日人均食盐摄入量调查。儿童甲状腺触诊肿大率与B超肿大率的比较、各年合格碘盐食用率的比较均采用χ2检验,各年居民平均日人均食盐摄入量的比较采用Kruskal-Wallis H秩和检验。结果2013-2017年巴中市巴州区重点人群碘盐覆盖率100.00%,合格碘盐食用率93.00%~98.00%;8~10岁儿童、孕妇、哺乳期妇女、0~2岁婴幼儿和40岁以下育龄妇女尿碘中位数分别为160.60~299.00μg/L、168.77~248.25μg/L、147.31~243.75μg/L、228.80~342.22μg/L和194.15~275.60μg/L;8~10岁儿童甲状腺触诊检查肿大率0.25%~5.50%,B超检查肿大率0.75%~2.25%;居民生活饮用水水碘中位数4.68μg/L,无大于等于20μg/L水样;2013年、2015年和2017年居民日人均食盐摄入量分别为10.30 g、8.97 g和8.32 g。结论2013-2017年巴州区重点人群盐碘指标和8~10岁儿童甲状腺B超肿大率均达到碘缺乏病消除标准;各年各人群尿碘中位数均未低于推荐适宜水平,巴州区5类重点人群碘营养水平总体适宜;巴州区自然环境仍然处于缺碘状态,调查未发现高碘地区,需继续坚持全民食用加碘盐预防碘缺乏。
Objectives To evaluate the iodine nutrition level and the current situation of iodine deficiency disorders among the targeted populations in Bazhou district in order to provide basis for the implementation of classification guidance and differential intervention for the prevention of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods From 2013 to 2017,one township was randomly selected in the east,the west,the south,the north and the middle part of Bazhou district every year.In each of the selected townships,10 members of children aged 8 to 10 years,pregnant women,nursing women,infants aged 0 to 2 years,and women under 40 years of child-bearing age were randomly selected to test urine iodine concentration and salt iodine concentration.Thyroid gland was examined by palpation or B-ultrasound in 80 children aged 8 to 10 years.The iodine content of drinking water of two residents and daily per capita salt intake of two children's families who tested urine samples were investigated.The goiter rate of palpation and B-ultrasound in children,and the rate of qualified iodized salt consumption in each year were compared by chi-square tests.The average daily per capita salt intake in each year was compared by Kruskal-Wallis H test.Results From 2013 to 2017,the coverage rate of iodized salt in the targeted populations in Bazhou district were 100.00%,and the qualified iodized salt consumption rate ranged from 93.00%to 98.00%.The median urinary iodine were 160.60-299.00μg/L,168.77-248.25μg/L,147.31-243.75μg/L,228.80-342.22μg/L and 194.15-275.60μg/L for children aged 8 to 10 years,pregnant women,lactating women,infants aged 0 to 2 years,and women under 40 years of childbearing age,respectively.The goiter rate of palpation on children aged 8 to 10 years were 0.25%-5.50%,and the goiter rate of B-ultrasound were 0.75%-2.25%.The median iodine content of drinking water was 4.68μg/L,and no water sample was≥20μg/L.The daily per capita salt intake were 10.30 g,8.97 g and 8.32 g in 2013,2015 and 2017,respectively.Conclusion From 2013 to 2017,salt iodine index of the targeted populations and thyroid B-ultrasound enlargement rate of children aged 8 to10 all reached the elimination standard of iodine deficiency disorders in Bazhou district.The median urinary iodine of all groups in each year was not lower than that of the recommended appropriate level,the iodine nutrition level of the 5 groups people in Bazhou district were generally appropriate.The natural environment of Bazhou district is still in a iodine deficiency state,and no high iodine areas was found in this investigation.We need to continue to adhere to the universal consumption of iodized salt to prevent iodine deficiency.
作者
文薇
罗熙平
刘涛
王志伦
刘莉
WEN Wei;LUO Xiping;LIU Tao;WANG Zhilun;LIU Li(Bazhong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Bazhong 636000,Sichuan Province,China;Bazhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Bazhou 636600,Sichuan Province,China.)
出处
《职业卫生与病伤》
2020年第1期35-40,共6页
Occupational Health and Damage
关键词
碘缺乏病
重点人群
监测
iodine deficiency disorders
targeted populations
surveillance
