摘要
老山景区是南京市的生态屏障及生物多样性保护区,以森林为主体,生态区位极其重要。以研究该景区近17 a景观格局动态变化为目的,运用基于面向对象的模糊分类法和C5.0决策树分类法以及基于像元的最大似然法、人工神经网络法和支持向量机法对研究区2001、2005、2009、2013和2017年5期Landsat影像进行地类信息提取,并运用Fragstats 4.2软件提取多种景观格局指数,对老山景区2001-2017年景观格局动态进行对比分析。结果表明:基于面向对象的模糊分类法精度最高,分类总体精度为91.79%,Kappa系数为0.83。随着景区生态公园的建设与改革,景区内景观破碎化程度加深,2001-2017年斑块数量(NP)呈上升趋势,2017年景区NP达653块,斑块密度(PD)为5.928 1块·km-2;2017年蔓延度指数(CONTAG)比2001年有所增加,达59.41%,优势斑块类型连通度提高;香农多样性指数(SHDI)上下窄幅波动,2009年达到最大值0.725 5。随着景区建设逐渐成熟,总体开发进程缓慢进入有序状态,老山景区逐步向均衡性、稳定性方向发展。
The Laoshan scenic area is an ecological barrier and biodiversity conservation area in Nanjing City. The dominant ecosystem in Laoshan is forest, its ecological position is extremely important. This study aims to analyze the dynamic changes of the landscape pattern in the scenic area for the past 17 years. Local land use information based on Landsat images from 2001, 2005, 2009, 2013 and 2017 was extracted, using the technical method of object-oriented fuzzy classification, C5.0 decision tree classification, pixel-based maximum likelihood, artificial neural network and support vector machine. In addition, Fragstats 4.2 software was used to extract multiple landscape pattern indexes, for the comparison of dynamic landscape pattern from 2001 to 2017. Results show that the object-oriented fuzzy classification method had the highest overall accuracy(91.79%) and Kappa coefficient was 0.83. With the continuous construction and reform, the degree of landscape fragmentation in Laoshan scenic area has deepened. From 2001 to 2017, the number of patches(NP) showed an increasing trend, and reached 653 in 2017, with the patch density of 5.928 1 blocks·km-2. In 2017, contagion index(CONTAG) increased compared with that of 2001, reaching 59.41%, and the connectivity of dominant patch types has improved. The Shannon′s diversity index(SHDI) value fluctuated in a narrow range, reaching a maximum of 0.725 5 in 2009. With the development of construction to a mature state, the overall development process slowly enters into an orderly state, and scenic area in Laoshan has gradually developed towards harmony and stability.
作者
孙敏
周春国
邹长新
张峥男
刘冬
SUN Min;ZHOU Chun-guo;ZOU Chang-xin;ZHANG Zheng-nan;LIU Dong(Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Nanjing 210042,China;College of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University,Nan jing 210037,China)
出处
《生态与农村环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第2期211-219,共9页
Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment
基金
生态环境部预算项目
