摘要
本文试图将环境变迁、极端气候事件与经济社会结构结合起来,讨论帝国主义经济活动对殖民地农民的影响。在东南亚,殖民统治下的出口农业经济主导着该地区进入世界经济体系的进程。这虽然预示了全球化的某些特征,但其代价是巨大的。种植园的扩张导致腹地环境的退化。种植园主享受着出口农业经济的红利成为新的城市精英,而底层农民却承受了环境退化的代价,这导致后者日益贫困化。20世纪上半叶,当干旱事件频繁发生时,菲律宾的粮食生产受到影响,农民生活更加困难,由此导致多次农民运动的发生。本文的研究表明,将东南亚带入世界经济体系的殖民经济活动令腹地生态环境和农民付出了沉重的代价。环境史视角的引入让我们注意到先前被忽视的森林退化和极端气候事件等生态因素,从而帮助我们构建了一个更加全面的历史图景,深化了农民运动研究。
This Paper introduces factors as environmental change and extreme climate events in analyzing the impact of colonial economic activities on the peasants in the colonial hinterland.In Southeast Asia,the imperial export-led agricultural economy brought the region into the world economic system.Although this process marked some features of early globalization in the region,it cost prices.The exploitation of hinterland resulted in environmental degradation.While the owner of plantations enjoyed the profit of the system,the peasants suffered the outcome of the degradation,which caused poverty of the latter.When extreme climate events like elniño happened,peasants encountered more difficulty in sustaining their lives,which resulted in multiple peasant movements in the early 20th century.This paper argues that the economic activities integrating the colony into world economic system were based on exploitation of hinterland and peasants,both environmentally and socially.The adopting of environmental perspective brings some previously neglected ecological factors into our research,thus make a more deep and holistic view on the peasant movements.
出处
《学术研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期128-136,178,共10页
Academic Research
