摘要
在"母子公司综合体"框架下,母公司如对子公司进行过度控制,会有损于子公司的独立人格。由于母公司股东无法直接向子公司行使股东权,在子公司构成母公司实质性全部资产且母公司对子公司的控制受到母公司控制股东支配的情况下,母公司其他股东的合法权益有被架空甚至被损害的风险。从对域外规则及公司实践的考察来看,允许特定情形下母公司股东权直接穿越至子公司层面行使,可以有效保护母公司股东的权益。我国近年来出现了大量主张股东权穿越的案件,但由于缺乏明确法律依据,股东权穿越的诉求难以得到支持。鉴于公司独立人格源于法律确认,如果子公司的独立人格受到母公司过度控制,则有必要在个案中否定其独立人格,使母公司股东得以直接向子公司行使其股东权。不过,为避免股东权穿越的滥用以致损害公司独立人格的权威,应当严格限制股东权穿越的适用条件并在《公司法》中嵌入合适的规制方式。
Under the framework of "parent-subsidiary complex", if the parent company controls the subsidiary company excessively, it will lead to the damage of independent personality of the subsidiary company. Since the shareholders of the parent company can not directly exercise their rights to the subsidiary company, the legitimate rights and interests of other shareholders of the parent company are at risk of being overridden or even damaged when the subsidiary company constitutes the substantive whole assets of the parent company and the control of the subsidiary company is controlled by the controlling shareholders of the parent company. From the perspective of extraterritorial rules and company practices, it can effectively protect the rights and interests of the shareholders of parent company by allowing the shareholders’ rights of parent company to be exercised directly at the level of subsidiary company under specific circumstances. In recent years, China has also witnessed a large number of cases advocating the pass-through of shareholders’ rights, but due to the lack of clear legal norms, it is almost impossible for the courts to support the claim of the pass-through of shareholders’ rights. Since the independent personality of the company originates from the legal confirmation, if the subsidiary company cannot hold its independent personality due to the excessive control of the parent company, it is necessary to deny its independent personality so that the shareholders of the parent company can exercise their shareholder rights directly to the subsidiary company. However, in order to avoid the pass-through abuse of shareholders’ rights and damage the authority of the company’s independent personality, it is necessary to strictly restrict the application of the pass-through of shareholders’ rights and embed it in Chinese company law with appropriate methods.
作者
王建文
孙清白
Wang Jianwen;Sun Qingbai
出处
《江西社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期182-191,256,共11页
Jiangxi Social Sciences
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“公司章程防御性条款法律效力研究”(14BFX077)
